考研基礎階段該如何複習英語

考研英語的複習已經拉開了序幕，每年的3月至6月底我們稱之為基礎階段，考生們應該規劃好複習計劃。小編為大家精心準備了考研基礎階段英語指南攻略，歡迎大家前來閲讀。

　　考研基礎階段英語啟程規劃指導

首先我們來説一下考研英語的題型分佈：完形填空(10分)，傳統閲讀(40分)，新題型(10分)，翻譯(英語一10分，英語二15分。)，作文(小作文英語一10分，大作文20分;英語二小作文大作文15分。)雖然英語一和英語二在題目的分值和做題方法上有所區別，但在目前基礎階段，英語一和英語二考生都是打基礎的階段，沒有涉及到解題技巧因而沒有任何的區別，英語一和英語二考生的複習重點應該一致。那這個複習重點是什麼呢?這個階段的重點應該是主攻詞彙、長難句和基礎閲讀。為什麼呢?因為完型填空考的就是單詞就是搭配就是基礎。閲讀考的就是單詞和長難句及解題思路。翻譯最根本要求也是處理長難句，作文也就是將積累的詞彙長難句和大量的知識輸出的過程。所有的題型都離不開詞彙長難句。那具體怎麼複習呢?

一、 選定一本考研詞彙書，至少背2遍。

不管你選擇哪本詞彙書，一定要堅持下來。根據我們的經驗，80%的考研同學第一遍背誦要花掉2個月，第二遍的時候只要1個月就能背完，第3遍7-10天。所以希望同學們堅持堅持再堅持。同時給出3條小建議：

1. 背考研詞彙書前，可以複習一下自己四級或6級的詞彙書。可以再背一遍，看看以前的筆記。為什麼呢?因為考研英語單詞就包括了2000-3000的四級六級單詞。這遍查漏補缺的'工作還是很重要的。

2. 背到自己認識的單詞的時候，從後往前看1-2個單詞釋義。為什麼呢?因為考研英語閲讀之所以很難選對答案的一個原因就是雖然單詞認識，但是不知道這個單詞在語境中的具體意思，也就是我們俗稱的單詞的熟詞僻意。如果遇到不認識的單詞就從前往後背1-2個釋義。一定要注意整理筆記，要有自己的詞彙本。

3. 建議選的字典最好是有詞根記憶的。這樣可以幫我們用一個詞根記憶一串單詞，事半功倍。比如sist這個詞根是站的意思。那assist就是去站在旁邊也就是幫忙的意思。Persist 就是per(一直)+站着，也就是一直站着，表示堅持以及持續。

4. 除了詞根，請大家注意前綴和後綴。為什麼呢?2014年版英語一考試大綱第2頁明確説到：“考試應能掌握5500左右的詞彙以及相關附表中的內容。“附表的內容其中就包括62個前綴和54個後綴。

二、 夯實長難句基礎

長難句的基礎學習所做的工作就是梳理大家從國中學到現在的語法知識。明白5大語法現象為後期複習工作做打算。

這裏給大家一個梳理。比如句子成分(主幹成分和修飾成分)、非謂語動詞(不定時，分詞和動名詞)、並列連詞(累積連詞，因果連詞，轉折連詞和選擇連詞)、三大從句(定從;名詞性從句：主語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句;狀語從句)以及特殊結構(虛擬語氣，省略，強調和倒裝)

基礎階段把肖老師給大家指出來的語法全學會即完成了這個階段的任務。

三、 具備基本的閲讀理解閲讀能力和邏輯思維

我們知道得閲讀者得天下。閲讀既然這麼重要，那在基礎階段的時候我們就要開始了。但是這個階段閲讀的重點是依託早期的真題(2000年以前的題)複習單詞和長難句，學會一些簡單的閲讀方法和解題技巧，比如定位，靈活運用考研英語中的轉折和並列關係，如何精讀和略讀文章。這都是我們這個階段的重點。同時建議同學們一篇一篇的翻譯早期的文章。這是提高英語的一個很好的方法，貴在堅持。

綜上所述，基礎階段重點即是詞彙，閲讀中的長難句以及基本的解題思路和閲讀能力。望大家複習成功。

　　考研英語備考攻略

第一，單詞周而復始，不放手

新大綱既已發佈，對於大綱詞彙的掌握， 絕不能放鬆。曾有人做個這樣的實驗，將考綱中所有的詞彙在真題中一個一個的劃出來，劃到最後大綱中規定的詞彙在真題中都能復現，所以英語詞彙的學習是放在真題裏面的，不是單一的記憶詞彙，從真題出發，理解記憶，會效果更好，尤其是高頻詞，基礎詞和難點詞，在複習過程中要進行反覆記憶，有方法的記憶。

第二，十年真題，反覆細作

近十年的考研英語閲讀真題對於備考來説價值不菲，我們還曾建議考生留下最近三年的考題作為最後的模擬。其中，考研英語的閲讀在整張試卷中所佔的比重最大，除了40分值的傳統閲讀理解題型，分值為10分的新題型也不簡單。而且，從某種程度上説，翻譯與完形填空的解答與閲讀能力的高低也有着直接的聯繫。因此，提高閲讀能力，是考研英語備考的重中之重。對於真題中涉及到的每一篇文章，每一道題目，每一個選項，都要從文字和精讀的角度，真正理解和掌握文章的單詞、句子，將答案中的關鍵點與材料中、題幹中的關鍵詞結合起來，仔細分析，找出其中的聯繫，這就是思路。

第三，對錯時常有，情緒要穩定

當偶爾發現自己的錯題過多的時候，不要慌張，不到最後我們不能給自己設定結果。考題的難度勢必會凌駕於考生所掌握的知識總量之上的，考生要做的就是反覆練習，規整思路，重新來做，在自己的能力範圍內拿到較高的分數。之所以做錯題目只能説明自身對於真題的鑽研還不夠，每天我們都會做錯很多題，但不要被正確和錯誤題目的數量所幹擾，堅持正確的方法，繼續利用真題，踏踏實實提高自己。

　　英語考研大綱樣題

Directions:

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some

mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 41) ________ Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.

42) ________. Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.

43) ________ There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.

44) ________. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

45) ________.

About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.

[A]The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

[B]Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

[C]The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

[D]The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.

[E]The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

[F]When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea arid there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

[G]Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

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