不缺成分的定語從句
不缺成分的定語從句有哪些呢?我們不妨一起來參考下範文吧!希望對您有所幫助!以下是小編為您蒐集整理提供到的不缺成分的定語從句內容,希望對您有所幫助!歡迎閲讀參考學習!
不缺成分的定語從句
只用that不用which的情況
先行詞是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代詞時。如:I refuse to accept the blame for something that was his fault.
先行詞被the only,any,few,no,very等修飾時。如:Australia is the only country that is also a continent.
先行詞是形容詞的最高級或序數詞,或被形容詞的最高級、序數詞修飾時。如:This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
先行詞人、物並用時。如:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時。如:Which is the bike that you lost?
先行詞在主句中作表語, 而關係代詞也在從句中作表語時。如:Shandong is no longer the province that it used to be.
只用which不用that的情況
關係代詞前有介詞時。如:Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born?
引導非限制性定語從句時。如:As a child, Jack studied in a village school, which is named after his grandfather.
先行詞為that/those時。如:What’s that which was put in the car?
which用作定語時。如:He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.
the same ... as ... 與the same ... that ...
the same ... as表示相似或同類的東西,the same ... that表示同一人或物。如:
This is the same book as he lent me last week.
This is the same book that he lent me last week.
such/so ... as與such/so ... that
such/so ... as (定語從句)像……那樣
such/so ... that (狀語從句)如此……以至於
This is such an easy question as I can answer.
This is such an easy question that I can answer it.
as與which
as引導的非限制性定語從句既可以放在主句前, 也可以放在主句後, 有時還可插入主句中。which引導的非限制性定語從句通常放在主句之後。
as意為“正如……”,後面的謂語動詞多用see,know,expect,say,mention,report等; which意為“這一點”或“這件事”等。
He is a very successful man, as is known to all.
The meeting was put off, which astonished us.
常考的關係代詞who, whom, whose
用who和whom的情況
先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those,且指代人時。如:
The persons I want to talk about with you are Faye Wong and Li Yapeng, the ones who signed a divorce agreement on Friday in Urumqi.
在there be結構中, 修飾主語的定語從句宜用關係代詞who指代人。如:There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.
一個句子中帶有兩個修飾人的定語從句, 其中一個定語從句的關係代詞是that, 另一個宜用who以避免重複。如:The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.
當關系代詞前面有介詞,只能用whom。whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,介詞可放在後面,也可提前以構成“介詞+whom(先行詞指人)”結構。如:The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
whose的用法
關係代詞whose一般指人,表示“該人的”,也可指物,表示“該物的”,在以物為先行詞時,可用of which代替在從句中作定語。如:Theprize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination.
注意:關係代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。如:
Tom is one of the engineers who are sent abroad.
Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution.
[關係副詞when, where, why]
when的用法
先行詞為“時間名詞”,可用when引導定語從句,when在定語從句中作狀語,也可用“介詞+which”結構代替。如:The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
where的用法
先行詞是“地點名詞”,定語從句可用where引導,where在從句中作狀語,也可用“介詞+which”結構代替。如:A bank is the place where(=in which) they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
定語從句如果修飾point,situation,part,condition和 case等表示抽象意義的詞,常用where引導,意思是“到了某種地步,在某種境況下”。如:You reach a point where medicine can’t help.
why的用法
先行詞是表示原因的`名詞reason時,可以用why引導定語從句,why在其中作原因狀語,可用for which替代。可以把此時的句子牢記為一個固定句型,即The reason why ... is/was that ...,意為“……的原因是……”。如:The reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.
[選擇關係代詞/副詞的原則]
在選擇關係詞時,最重要的是分析定語從句所缺的成分。若從句缺主語、賓語、定語或表語,那麼必須用關係代詞;若從句不缺主語、賓語、定語或表語,那麼必須用關係副詞。
This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year. (關係詞在從句中作賓語)
I will never forget the day when my father returned from America. (關係詞在從句中作狀語)
先行詞是表示方法、方式的way,後面的定語從句缺方式狀語時可以用that或in which引導,也可以省略關係詞。如果後面的定語從句中缺少賓語,要用that或which引導,也可以省略關係詞。如:
I don’t like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother.
例1 (20xx·湖南卷) It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A. as B. where C. that D. which
解析 D。此句是非限制性定語從句,先行詞place在定語從句中作主語,所以要用關係代詞引導。as引導非限定性定語從句時要放在句首,故選用which。句意:這真是一個令人愉快的地方,這裏蜿蜒的小路和美麗的村舍一定和一百年前看起來一模一樣。
例2 (20xx·北京卷) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析 D。這是一個定語從句。先行詞是St. Paul’s Church,從句主謂賓成分完整,去掉空後依然是完整的句子,可推斷出引導詞在從句中作地點狀語,用where。句意:對面是聖保羅教堂,在教堂裏你能聽到一些優美的音樂。
點撥 關係代詞that和關係副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。做題之前先看句中有沒有逗號,逗號是非限制性定語從句的標誌。然後再看句子中缺不缺成分,在定語從句中從句主語和賓語都不缺少時,應該考慮關係副詞。
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