大學四級英語考試
Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to say. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people''s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now becoming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people''s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people''s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they live.
Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In preindustrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were exclude—a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.
The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?oyment became widespread in the 17th and 18th ployment will remain a major problem for industrialized industrial age may now be coming to an efforts and resources should be devoted to helping more people cope with the problem of unemployment.
2. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the spread of employment? enclosures of the 17th and 18th development of ef from housework on the part of lopment of modern means of transportation.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that people who have been polled believe that the problem of unemployment may not be solved within a short period of farmers lost their land when new railways and factories were being perindustrial societies housework and community service were mainly carried out by of the changes in work pattern that the industrial age brought have been reversed
4. What does the word“daunting" in the third paragraph mean?ulating
5. Which of the following is NOT suggested as a possible means to cope with the current situation?te situations in which people work for t employment as the avor to revive the household and the neighborhood as centers of urage people to work in circumstances other than normal working conditions.
Passage 2
University Physics is intended for students of science and engineering. Primary emphasis is on physical principles and problem-solving; historical background and specialized practical applications have been given a place of secondary importance. Many worked-out examples and an extensive collection of problems are incl
-
一年級可愛的動物教學設計模板(精選9篇)
作為一名默默奉獻的教育工作者,可能需要進行教學設計編寫工作,教學設計一般包括教學目標、教學重難點、教學方法、教學步驟與時間分配等環節。那麼問題來了,教學設計應該怎麼寫?下面是小編幫大家整理的一年級可愛的動物教學設計模板(精選9篇),供大家參考借鑑,希望可以...
-
《平凡的世界》2022暑假讀後感
讀完某一作品後,相信大家都積累了屬於自己的讀書感悟,為此需要認真地寫一寫讀後感了。為了讓您不再為寫讀後感頭疼,下面是小編為大家收集的《平凡的世界》2022暑假讀後感,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。《平凡的世界》2022暑假讀後感1《平凡的世界》中的愛情,對於無關...
-
六年級下冊數學教學計劃(精選11篇)
時光飛逝,時間在慢慢推演,很快就要開展新的工作了,立即行動起來寫一份計劃吧。什麼樣的計劃才是好的計劃呢?以下是小編整理的六年級下冊數學教學計劃,僅供參考,歡迎大家閲讀。六年級下冊數學教學計劃篇1一、教學內容本冊教材包括下面內容:負數、百分數(二)、圓柱與圓錐...
-
2023大學聯考成績什麼時候公佈
大學聯考是學生人生中第一次重大意義的考試,對於大學聯考成績的公佈時間,考生們都非常關注,下面是小編收集並整理的2023大學聯考成績什麼時候公佈,歡迎大家收藏和閲讀。2023大學聯考成績公佈四川:預計6月23日公佈各批次錄取控制分數線和考生成績。7月初至8月中旬開展招生錄取工作。...