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國小四年級英語常用語法知識點及練習

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鑑於英語語法的重要性,為了幫助大家把語法學好,應屆畢業生小編為您提供了這篇國小四年級英語常用語法總結,希望對您的英語有所幫助。

國小四年級英語常用語法知識點及練習

(一)情態動詞can

can 在英語中有一個特殊的名字,叫做情態動詞,表示“能夠”, “會”, “能力”後面要跟着表示動作的動詞。沒有時態和人稱的變化。表示不能做什麼的時候,後面加上 not為can not,或者縮寫為can’t。問別人“能…嗎?”要把can 放在句子前面,首字母要大寫,句尾別忘加上問號。

例句:

—I can swing.I can draw.       —She can can play .

—We can touch can run.     —I can’t can’t see.

—She can’t can’t hear a car.   —We can’t hear an aeroplane.

—Can you hear a dog?Can he hear a bus?  —Can Lucy write?Can you do it?

將下面各組詞組成句子

1._____________(an, aeroplane, hear, Lucy, can)

2. _____________________(not, he , dance, can )

3.__________________? (you, can , see, what )

4._________________(can , see , not , we , you)

5._________________. (I , can , help , you )

6._____________________? (I, can , do, what)

7.___________________? (you , can , hear  me)

8.___________________? (you , can , dance)

  (二)人稱代詞所屬格

注意:主格作主語,其中she指帶代國家,it可指代天氣時間等。

賓格作賓語,介詞賓語,表語。動詞後面用人稱賓格

形容詞性物主代詞作定語。

名詞性物主代詞作主語,賓語,介詞賓語,表語書信yours…

表示 ---- 的,這樣的詞我們也學習很多了,你能想出來嗎?

記住這個小口訣就很容易了:我的 my ,你的your,他的 his、她的her. //它的是its; 我們的 our; 你們的是 your他們(它們,她們)的是their//這些人稱代詞形式稱為人稱代詞所屬格,也叫形容詞性物主代詞。通常用在名詞前面表示所屬關係。另外,表示某人的還可以用名詞或人名+ ’s 來表示。如:

my kite;your book;his pen;her coat;its tail;our class;

their teachers;my brother’s;book;the cat’s ears;Mary’s mother

 一.寫出下列人稱代詞的所屬格形式

I________ you_________ he______________ She_________ it____________

we_____________ You_________ they_________

 二.用合適的人稱代詞填空

(1) This is Ben.  This is _______bicycle.

(2) I am Kitty.  ______ bag is blue

(3) She’s Alice. That’s _____ umbrella.

(4) You are Mr Li.  ______ car is black.

(5) Is this ______ hat? Yes, it’s my hat.

(6) That’s my ’s _____ coat.

(7) Where’s ______ scarf? Here you are.

(8) He’s Mr Wang.  _____ gloves are new.

三.翻譯下列詞組

1. 你的名字 _____________ 2.我們班___________

3. 他的小弟弟____________ 4.我祖母___________

5. 它的尾巴 ______________  6.我的鞋____________

7. 她的圍巾________________ 8.我的襯衫_________

9. 他們的老師______________ 10.瑪麗的雨傘_________

 四.用下列單詞組句

1.___________________________ (my ,is,name , Tom)

2.____________________________ (is, miss ,Gao, , our,friend)

3.____________________________ (is what ,your number ,telephone)

4.____________________________? (mother , your ,a teacher , is)

5.____________________________? (who’s , cap , it , is)

答案:一. I(my)  you (your) he(his) she(her) it(its) We (our) you (your) they (their)

三. name   class  3. his little brother   grandmother   tail   shoes   scarf   shirt  r teacher  10. Mary’s umbrella

四. name is Tom.   Gao is our friend  ’s your telephone number?   your mother a teacher?  ’s cap is it?

(三)介詞、連詞和感歎詞

1.介詞:介詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨使用,必須在介詞後面加上個名詞或代詞使用,作句子成份。

介詞後面的名詞(或相當於名詞的其它詞)叫做介詞的賓語。介詞和介詞賓語合稱為介詞短語。介詞短語在句中可作壯語、定語或表語。

介詞如: in 在…裏面on在…上面under在…下面等。

in the classroom  in the tree  in the hall

on the road  on the desk  on the floor

under the table  under the bed  under the chair

2.連詞:連詞是用來連接詞與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子等的`詞叫連詞。連詞是一種虛詞,在句子中不能單獨作句子成分。連詞分兩類:一類叫等立連詞,另一類叫從屬連詞。

(1). 等立連詞是用來連接同等的詞、詞組和分句的。等立連詞有許多

我們現在只學到了and和but,其他的以後學到再介紹。

如:A and B ; blue and white ;an apple and a banana;a car and a bus;Lucy and Ben ; Ben and Kitty ;

This is a lorry and that’s a drill.

I like dolls and you like robots.

(2). 從屬連詞是用來引起從句的、從屬連詞又分為

1) 引起名詞性從句的連接詞,如:if ,that 等。

2)引起壯語從句的連接詞,如:when , after ,befare等。以後會逐漸學到再介紹。

3.感歎詞: 表示説話人的某種感情(驚訝,高興,痛苦等)的詞叫感歎詞。感歎詞後常用感歎號。常用的感歎詞有:oh(表示驚奇或痛苦),ah(表示驚奇或滿意),hello(常被用來打招呼相當於漢語的“喂!”),well(表示驚訝,無奈)

如: you Mary?

練習:翻譯下列詞組

1.在桌子上面  2.在樹下面

3.在椅子上面  4.在盒子裏面

5.在黑板上  6.在書裏

7.在臉上  8.在公共汽車上

9.一隻貓和一隻狗.  10.又小又胖

答案:1. on the desk  2. under the tree  3. on the chair  4. in the box   5. on the blackboard  6. in the book  7. on the face  8. on the bus   9. a cat and a dog   10. small and fat

(四) 單數句和複數句:

口訣:單數句子變,變化規則要記住。名詞代詞要變化,am, is要變are。

this, that變成啥,these, those來替它。he, she, it要變啥,全部變they不用怕。

I要變we莫落下,名詞後面把s/es加。名前冠詞去掉它,其餘成分原樣加。

具體注意下面的六要素:

1.單數主格人稱代詞要變成相應的複數主格人稱代詞,即I→we; you→you; she, he, it→they。如: She is a girl.→They are girls.

2. am, is要變為are。如: I‘m a student. →We are students.

3.不定冠詞a, an要去掉。如: He is a boy. →They are boys.

4.普通單數名詞要變為複數形式。如: It is a cat. →They are cats.

5.指示代詞this, that要變為these, those。如: This is a book.→These are books.

6. man, woman作定語修飾可數名詞時,要在 ”數”上與被修飾名詞保持一致。但其他名詞修飾名詞表示 ”性質”時,不作變化。如:

He is a man doctor.→They are men doctors.

This is an apple tree.→They are apple trees.

單複數相互轉換,每空一詞(含縮寫)。

1. The woman is a nurse.(改為複數句)

The _________ _________ _________.

2. There are some old cars.(改為單數句)

There _______ _______ old _______.

3. He has a new book.(改為複數句)

______ ______ new _______.

4. Are these your chicks ?(改為單數句)

_____ _______ your _______?

5. Is there a sheep in the playground?(改為複數句)

____ there ____ ____ in the playground?

(五)一般疑問句及特殊疑問句

句子基本是:簡單陳述句,由簡單陳述句轉變成肯定句,否定句,疑問句。疑問句是用來提出問題。英語中有四種疑問句: 一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。我們現在已經接觸到了前兩種疑問句。後兩種疑問句以後我們還會學到.

一.一般疑問句:

英語中要用 yes和no 來回答的疑問句叫一般疑問句。如:

1)Is it hot ?Yes, it is .No, it isn’t.—— be動詞引導

2)Is it a car ?Yes, it is .No, it isn’t .—— be動詞引導

3)Is this your ruler ?Yes, it is .No, it isn’t .—— be動詞引導

4)Do you like bananas ?——含實義動詞

Yes, I like bananas. No, I don’t like bananas.

5)Can Ming hear a drill ?——含情態動詞

Yes , Ming can hear a drill.No,Ming can’t hear a drill.

.陳述句(肯定句,否定句,一般疑問句)的轉變規律:

1.肯定句:2.否定句:3. 一般疑問句及肯否定回答

1) 主語+be動詞+….1) 主語+be動詞+not+….1)be動詞+主語+…?

Yes, 主語+be動詞./

No, 主語+be動詞+not.

I am a teacher. I amnot a you a teacher?

--Yes, I am./ No, I am not.

My mother is thin. My mother is not /isn’t your mother thin?

--Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.

They areinsects. They are not/aren’t they insects?

--Yes. they are./ No, they aren’t.

2) 主語+情態動詞can+… 2) 主語+情態動詞can+ not+….2)情態動詞can+主語+…?

Yes, 主語+情態動詞can/

No,主語+情態動詞can+ not

He can jump. He cannot/can’ he jump?

--Yes,he can./ No, he can’t.

3)助動詞do/does+主語+…. 動詞原形+….動詞原形?

Yes, 主語+助動詞do/does.

No, 主語+助動詞do/does+not.

He likes to eat apples. He doesn’t like to eat apples. Does he like to eat apples?

Yes,he does./ No,he doesn’t.

二. 祈使句:表示請求、命令、建議或勸告等的句子叫祈使句,主語you常省略。

1、肯定形式:一般以動詞原形開頭。 Open the door, please.

2、否定形式:在句首謂語動詞前加Don‘t。 Don‘t be late for class.

三特殊疑問句(又叫wh-question)

用特殊疑問詞來提出問題的疑問句叫作特殊疑問句。特殊疑問詞一般要放在句首。常用的疑問詞有what who ,which how 等這些詞都以wh開頭(包括how)所以也叫作wh-question。特殊疑問句要求回答具體內容。不能用yes或no回答。結構:疑問詞+一般疑問句。回答不能用yes / no(或相當於yes / no)回答的問句。答句的句式同肯定句句式:如:

What can you see ? I can see a cat.

What can you hear ? I can hear a bus.

What can you do ? I can sing and dance.

What is it ?  It’s a panda.

What do you like ? I like playing football

How old are you ? I’m ten.

一.將下列句子變成一般疑問句

1 Mr Wang is thirsty______________?

elephent’s ears are long______?

3. We like birds___________________?

are his mother__________?

5.I can sing and dance._____________?

二將下列每組詞各組成一句特殊疑問句

1.(you are how). _______________?.

2.(old how Ben is)_________ ________?

ur is what your shirt____________?

4.(can see what the on you desk ) ____?

5.(like what do you)________________?

答案:一.1. Is Mr Wang thirsty? 2. Are the elephent’s ears long 3. Do you like birds? o. Are you his mother?  you sing and dance?

二.1. How are you?  old is Ben ?  colour is your shirt?  can you see on the desk?  do you like?