糯米文學吧

位置:首頁 > 英語 > 英語單詞

高中常考詞彙及解析

詞彙是學習英語的基礎,為了幫大家加深印象,小編整理了高中一些常見的英語詞彙的解析,希望能幫到大家!

高中常考詞彙及解析

 agree that作“認為……”解,其後跟賓語從句。例如:

I agree that your composition is very good. 我認為你的這篇作文寫得不錯。

allow;let 二者均可作“允許”解,但各有側重:  allow重在“允許”或“容許”,也可表示客氣的請求。例如: He allowed me to take his dictionary.他允許我拿走他的詞典。 Will you allow me to use your bike? 我可以用你的自行車嗎?  let作“允許”或“讓”解,主要用於口語,一般可與allow互換。作“允許”解時,常暗含“聽任”、“默許”之意;作“讓”解時,常含“祈使”或“建 議”之意。注意:let之後作賓補的不定式不帶to,且不可用於被動語態,而allow則相反。例如: Please let me walk with you(=Please allow me to walk with you.).我(請允許我)跟你一起走。注:allow常用於allow do sth.或allow doing sth.結構中。

although; though; as

三者均可表示“儘管;雖然”,引導讓步狀語從句。although用法較正式,語氣較強;though較常用;as則主要用於倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點值得注意:

 狀語從句由although, though或as引導,主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等並列連詞,但可有yet或still等副詞。although與though常可互換。例如:

Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他雖然相信它,但卻不肯有所行動。

 as表示“儘管;雖然”,只能用於倒裝句,即:將表語、狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前。though也可這麼用。例如:

Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 他雖然年紀不大,卻懂得很多。

注意:如果表語是單數名詞,要省略a。例如:

Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 雖然他是個孩子,但他會説兩門外語

 though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although卻不能。例如:

They said they would come; they did not, though. 他們説他們會來,可是他們並沒有來。

 although只用來陳述“事實”,不能表示“假設”。因此可以説even though“即使”以及as though“好像(=as if)”,不能説even although或as although。例如:

I believe you are on duty—even though you’re in plain clothes. 儘管你穿着便衣,我相信你是在值勤。

among/between

這兩個介詞都有“在……之間”的意思。between常用於兩者之間;among一般指三者或三者以上之間。若指三個以上人或物中的每兩個之間時,仍然要用between。

例如:The girl walked between her father and mother.這個女孩走在她父親和母親之間。

She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同學之間是最高的。

Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.

瑞士位於法國、意大利、奧地利和德國之間。

argue debate dispute 都含“辯論”的意思。 argue 着重“説理”、“論證”和“企圖説服”, 如:

I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

我和她辯論了好久, 但她還是不聽。

 debate 着重“雙方各述己見”, 內含“交鋒”的意思, 如:

We have been debating about the issue. 我們一直在就這個問題進行辯論。

 dispute 指“激烈爭辯”, 含有“相持不下”或“未得解決”之意,如:

Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.他是否當選為主席, 仍然有爭論。

argue;quarrel;discuss 這三個動詞均有“爭”的意思,但“爭”法不同。

 argue着重就自己的看法或觀點,提出論證,同他人“爭論”或“辯論”。例如:

We heard them arguing in the other room.我們聽見他們在另一個房間裏爭論。

另外,argue同with搭配,其後接人;與about連用,其後接事物。例如:

We argued with them about this problem for a long time.這個問題我們同他們辯論了很長時間

 quarrel是指對某事不喜歡或強烈不滿而發生的“爭吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配,其後接某人;和about連用,其後接某事。例如:

He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常為家務事同妻子爭吵。

 discuss是指認真交換自己的意見或看法的“討論”。例如:

We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我們將討論冠詞的用法。

as (so) far as; as (so) long as

 as(so)far as的意思是“就……而言(所知)”,as (so) far as concerned是其中一種具體用法,意為“就某事而言”;as (so) long as意為“只要”,引導條件狀語從句。如:

As far as I know, more than million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.

就我所知,一千多萬下崗工人已經找到了新的工作。

There is nothing that we can’t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.

只要我們不斷地努力去做,就沒有什麼事幹不成。

As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.

就中國的旅遊業而言,需要做的工作還很多。

asleep/sleeping 二者都是形容詞。asleep僅用作表語,不能作定語,表示“睡着,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定語,放在名詞前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”意思。

如:我們不能説:an asleep baby,但可以説:a sleeping baby(一個熟睡的嬰兒)。

再如:He was asleep with his head on his arms.他頭枕着手臂在熟睡。

asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗 sleeping car卧車 sleeping bag睡袋

assert,affirm,maintain  assert宣稱、斷言,常指某人主觀自信,堅持己見,有時不顧客觀事實而斷言下結論。 affirm指以事實為依據,深信不疑地肯定某種觀點或看法。 maintain指在相反的證據或論點面前,重申原來的某種觀點、立場。

ite all the policeman’s questions the suspect ___ that he had been at home all evening.

is nonsense to ___ that smoking does not damage people’s health.

ughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___ his innocence.

Answers:A. affirmed B. assert C. maintained

as though;even though;though  as though(=as if),意為“好像;似乎”,引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。如:

He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他説話的口氣好像他以前來過這裏。

It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起來好像要下雨。

 even though(=even if),意為“即使”,引導讓步狀語從句。though也引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然”;even though有退一步設想的意味,與though不同。though引導的句子所説的是事實,even though引導的句子所説的則不一定是事實。例如:

He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道這個祕密,他也不肯説出來。

He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他雖然知道這個祕密,但他不會説出來。

at the beginning;in the beginning  at the beginning 在……初;在……開始的時候。常與of連用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term. 學生們在開學初制定學習計劃。  in the beginning 相當於at first,表示“起初、開始”時,含“起初是這種情況,而後來卻不是這種情況”之意,不與of連用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 起初我們有些人對物理不感興趣

about; around; round 作副詞時都含“四處”、“遍地”的意思。 about 系常用詞, 如:

look about四處看。

around 具有 about 的基本意思, 因此 look about=look around, 但在下列短語裏 around沒有 about正式, 如:

travel around 各處旅行

round 和 around在非正式用法中可以互換, 但一般用 round時更簡練。在正式用語中, 一般用 round指“旋轉”, 而用 around指“處處”, “到處”, 如:

She turned round at such a noise. 聽到這樣的吵聲, 她回頭看。

I have been looking for it all around. 我到處都找過了。

另外, 英國人用 round的地方, 美國人傾向於用 around, 如:

[英] Winter comes round.

[美] Winter comes around.

above all;after all;at all 

above all意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位於句首或句中,作插入語,起強調作用。如:

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告訴我該做什麼。

A clock must above all keeps good time.時鐘最重要的是必須走得準。

 after all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”,在句中位置較靈活。可位於句首、句中或句末。如:

After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.畢竟,兩週後就是你的生日。

He is,after all,a small child.他畢竟還是個小孩子。

He failed after all.他終於失敗了。

 at all用於否定句時,意為“絲毫;根本”,用於疑問句時意為“究竟;到底”,用於條件句時,常譯為“當真;實在”。用於肯定句中,表示説話人的某種情緒或情感(如懷疑或驚奇等),意為“竟然”等。如:

He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜歡你。

Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做這件事?

If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做這件事,就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然來了,我很驚訝。

add; add to; add…to; add up to

add作“加,增加”解時,既可作及物動詞,又可用作不及物動詞;作“又説,補充説”解時,與直接或間接引語連用。如:

If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如果茶太濃了,再加點開水。

After a short while, he added that he would try his best. 過了一會兒,他又接着説他會盡力。

 add to意為“增添,增加,增進”。如:

The bad weather added to our difficulties. 惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難。

 意為“把……加到……”,是把前一項加到後一項之後或之中。如:

Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等於九。

 add up to意為“加起來總共是/累計得”,該短語不用於被動語態。如:

All his school education added up to no more than one year. 他的學校教育加起來不過一年。

affair; thing; matter; business

 affair意為“事情、事件”, 含義較廣,泛指已做或待做的事;複數affairs一般指商業事務及政府的日常事務,如財政管理、外交事務等。

 thing意為“事情、事物”,不管大事小事、好事壞事均稱為thing,一般不能專指事務;複數things還可作“形勢”解。

 matter側重指須留心的.要事或問題、難題。

 business作“事務、事情”解時,一般不能用複數,常常指所指派的任務、責任;有時説的是指派的工作或商業上的買賣活動。

 a great deal; a great deal of

 a great deal用作名詞,意為“大量”,“許多”,作主語、賓語;用作副詞,意為“很”或“非常”,作狀語,修飾動詞或用來強調比較級。如:

A great deal has been studied and this is the best way. 經過大量研究後,這(被認為)是最好的辦法。

We are a great deal cleverer than before. 我們比以前聰明多了。

 a great deal of意為“大量的”,“非常多的”,相當於much,作定語,後接不可數名詞。如:

A great deal of time/money/energy has been spent on the project.

大量的時間/金錢/能源花在那個工程上了。

agree on;agree to;agree with;agree that

 agree on作“就……取得一致意見”解。例如:

The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

上月,就建一座新汽車廠之事達成了協議。

 agree to有兩層含義和用法:

 其一是to作為動詞不定式符號,其後跟動詞原形,作“同意(答應)做某事”解。

例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me. 父親答應給我買支新鋼筆。

 其二是to作為介詞,之後跟表示“計劃/條件/建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。例如:

They have a greed to our plan. 他們已同意我們的計劃。

 agree with作“同意某人的意見”解,其後可跟表示人的名詞或代詞,也可跟表示“意見”或“説的話”的名詞或從句。例如:

He agreed with my opinions. 他同意了我的意見。

We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我們同意他在會上講的話。