英語四級閲讀：英國託管協會

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The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practicaland moral support from the Government, it is not rich Government department. It is a charity which dependsfor its existence on voluntary support from members of the public.

The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles ofBritain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4, 500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's "Country House Scheme". Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and open to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. Lastyear about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.

In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or smallvillage houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbance of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.

So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historical and cultural heritage.

練習題：

Choose correct answers to the question:

National Trust is ______.

A.a rich government department

B.a charity supported mainly by the public

C.a group of areas of great natural beauty

organization supported by public taxes

2. The "Country House Scheme" was started _______________.

A. with the founding of the National Trust

B. as the first project of the National Trust

C. after Lord Lothian's donation

D. to protect Lord Lothian's house

3. Land protected by the National Trust ______________.

A. can be developed and modernized

B. includes naturally and historically valuable sites

C. consists of country houses and nature reserves

D. is primarily for tourists to Britain

4. The word "invade" in the last paragraph is used to emphasize that _____________.

A. the British do not like tourists

B. tourists to Britain are unfriendly

C. tourists come to Britain in large numbers

D. Britain is attacked by masses of tourists

5. The main purpose of this passage is to ______________.

A. inform the readers about the National Trust

B. promote the National Trust's membership

C. make people aware of the natural beauty of Britain

D. let the general public share the views of the National Trust

1.[B] 事實細節題。從文章第1段末句可找到答案。選項A顯然與原文意思相反，選項C和D則無原文依據。

2.[C] 推理判斷題。第2段第2句表明洛錫安勛爵捐贈了他的房產後，這個計劃才啟動起來，因此選項C正確，也由此可以否定選項A。根據第2段最後兩句可知這個計劃是為了保護具有歷史價值的房子,而不僅僅是為了保護洛錫安勛爵的房子，因此選項D不對。

3.[B] 事實細節題。最後一段從preserving開始的`部分指出了本題的答案。第3段倒數第2句所説的“no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted”可幫助排除選項A;選項C內容不完整;選項D中的限制詞primarily使用不妥,無原文依據。

4.[C] 詞義推斷題。由invade 所在的句子“for the millions of tourists who each year invade.。”可知這是託管會保護自然美景和歷史勝地的原因所在。從而可以推斷出invade強調來英國遊玩的遊客之多，因此選項C為正確答案。

5.[A] 主旨大意題。縱觀全文可發現the National Trust和the Trust在文章開頭以及文中反覆出現,文章是一篇説明文，主要目的是介紹the National Trust的機構性質及其功能，因此選項A正確。文章未討論託管會的成員問題，因此選項B不正確。最後兩段雖然提到英國的自然景色很美，但這並非文章的主題思想，因此選項C不對。本題最具干擾性的是選項D，但是本文並不是一篇議論文，其目的不是讓讀者認同其中的觀點，文章更多的是用説明性的語言來説明託管會的一些做法。