英語up的各種用途詳解

想要學好英語怎麼能不知道up的各種用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

在英語裏“up”的用途極為廣泛;它是副詞虛助詞，也是介詞，詞義不止一個。

下面是“up”的六項主要用途：

　一、作副詞或介詞，表示“向上”，如：

(1) The monkey climbed up the tree.

(2) Two boys helped the old man up.

(3) I can't hear you. Can you please speak up?

　　二、作副詞或介詞，意思“由遠處到近處、由南到北、由小地方到大地方”，如：

(4) The dog-trainer led the dogs up the street.

(5) We would like to go up to town.

(6) This train is running up north.

(7) They have driven all the way up to the capital of Malaysia.

　三、表示“……完畢。或……起來”，如：

(8)The hungry dog ate up all the leftover food.

(9)The library staff piled up the books in good order.

用“動詞+up”來表示“做好、做完”的例子很多，常見的還有這些：

Button up, clear up, dry up, mix up, tie up, wrap up, pack up, tidy up, use up等。

四、可有可無的“up”，如：

(10) The road to the school was blocked (up) for some time because of the flood.

(11) Please fill (up) this form and then give it to me.

(10) 和 (11) 裏的'“up”可用可不用，意思都一樣只是加上了“up”感到穩健些。

下面這些“動詞+up”裏的“up”也是可有可無，沒有影響語義：

close up, divide up, hurry up, polish up, check up, follow up, finish up, seal up等。

　五、協助組成片語動詞，如：

(12) Something surprising has turned up.

(13) The train picked up speed after a while.

(14) Where did you pick up that habit?

(15) Please speed up if you don't want to lag behind.

常見的含“up”的片語動詞(phrasal verbs)還有：

bring up(撫養長大), brush up(複習), crop up(突然出現), ring up(打電話), give up(放棄), look up(查閲), let up(中止)等。

六、協助組成一些具特殊意義的慣用語，如：

(16) Time is up.(時間到了)

(17) This matter is up to you; I wouldn't mind(由你決定).

(18) What are you up to?(搞什麼鬼?)

(19) I am up to my ears in work.(忙得不可開交)

(20) Your mother has been looking for you up and down.(四處尋找)

(21) Many older people have experienced the ups and downs of life.(盛衰變化)