英语语法过去完成时的被动语态的知识点
过去完成时的被动语态的概念:
过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的叠合。表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作,常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。由“had+been+过去分词”构成。
1)过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为:had + been + done。
如:The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
2)过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为:have / has + not + been + done。
如:The task hadn't been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
3)过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将had提到主语的前面。
如:Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday?
4)过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词 + had+ been + done。
如:What time had the task been finished yesterday?
过去完成时被动语态的用法:
过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态,句中常用by,before,until,when等词引导时间状语。
如:We had built five new buildings by the end of last year. 过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式:
(1)肯定结构:主语+had been done+其他成分
(2)否定结构:主语+had not been done+其他成分
(3)疑问句结构:had+主语+been done+其他成分;
疑问词+had+主语+been done+其他成分
过去完成时的`被动语态常用于以下情况:
(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作,常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。
如:By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished.
The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?
Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting?
(2)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时。
如:The said the production costs had been reduced.
The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.
The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.
(3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态,用过去完成时。
如:As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.
He did what he had been told to.
另:当从句由after,before,when或assoonas引导时,主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
如:When he arrived, he called her.
They locked the door before they left.
过去完成时与现在完成时被动语态用法区别:
现在完成时被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作,过去完成时被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。
例如:This polluted river has been cleaned. 这条被污染了的河流已被净化。
析:该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。
例如:He said this book had been translated into Japanese. 他说这本书已被译成日语。
析:该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。
-
新概念英语第一册语法知识点:宾语从句
各位群友:大家好!为增加群友之间友情,加强彼此了解和认识,结识更多新朋友拓展彼此的人脉交际。经协商讨论决定举行本群自成立以来的第一次群友聚会,希望大家能够积极参加。目前看,群里的朋友素质都不错。但就是交流少一些,也许是大家都忙,可以理解。也不能要求每个朋友...
-
英语语法倒装句副词后知识点
here和there之后以及诸如back,down,off,up等一类的副词小品词之后,名词主语一般置于谓语之后。这类副词常与诸如come和go等转移动词一起连用。如:Herecomesataxi!Theregoesthelasttrain!有辆出租车来了!最后一班火车开走了!(注意这里不可用进行时)Downcametherai...
-
国中英语语法入门基础知识
词法包括各类词的形态及其变化,句法主要讲句子的种类和类型,句子成分以及遣词造句的规律。语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。下面是关于英语语法入门基础知识,希望大家认真学习!规则名词单数变复数:1)一般情况下,在名词后加-s;2)词尾是s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾后加-es...
-
英语名词doctor表示两个常用意思时的用法
导语:doctor既表示医生,也可表示博士,下面YJBYS小编向大家介绍doctor表示两个常用意思时的'用法,欢迎参考!1.表示医生,注意以下用法:(1)可直接用作称呼。如:Doctor,I’vegotthispaininmyelbow.医生,我的胳膊肘儿痛。(2)可以与姓氏连用,此时既可用完整形式,也可用缩...