定語從句考點歸納

　　定語從句考點歸納篇一

定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後，由關係詞（關係代詞或關係副詞）引出。

關係代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關係副詞有：when, where, why等。

關係代詞引導的定語從句

關係代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關係代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2） Whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

　　定語從句考點歸納篇二

I. 定語從句起了形容詞的作用，在句中修飾一個名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，引導定語從句的詞叫關係詞，他的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起了連接作用，二是在從句中擔當一個成分，並與先行詞保持數的一致。

關係詞先行詞從句成分

例句

關係代 詞who人主語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother？whom， which和that在從句中做賓語時，常可以省略，但介詞提前時後面關係代詞不能省略，也不可以用that

whom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working

The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..

whose人或物定語I like those books whose topics are about history.

The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.

that人或物主語，賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.

She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.

which物主語，賓語The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.

The picture which was about the accident was terrible.

as人或物主語，賓語He is such a person as is respected by all of us.

This is the same pen as I lost 做賓語一般不省略

關係副 詞when時間時間狀語I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on which

where地點地點狀語This is the house where I was born.可用in which

why原因原因狀語I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which

II. that與which， who， whom的用法區別情況用法説明

例句

只用that的情況1.先行詞為all， everything， anything， nothing， little， much，等不定代詞時

2.先行詞被all， any， every， each， much， little， no， some， few等修飾時

3.先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數詞修飾時

4.先行詞既指人又指物時

5.先行詞被the only， the very修飾時

6.句中已經有who或which時，為了避免重複時 told me everything that he knows.

the books that you offered has been given out.

is the best film that I have ever read.

talked about the persons and things that we remembered.

is the only man that I want to see.

is the man that is making a speech？

只用which， who， whom的情況1.在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人

2.在由“介詞+關係代詞”引導的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

3.先行詞本身是that時，關係詞用which， 先行詞為those， one， he時多用who。

has a son， who has gone abroad for further study.

2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.

e who respect others are usually respected by others.

III. as、which和that的區別

從句區別

限制性

定語從句中名詞前有such和the same修飾時，關係代詞用as，不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.

Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.

非限制性

定語從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個主句。如果有“正如，象”的含義，並可以放在主句前，也可以放在後面，那麼用as；而which引導的從句只能放主句後，並無“正如”的意思。They won the game， as we had expected.

They won the game， which we hadn’t expected.

As is well known， he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

the same... as和

the same the same... as指同類事物

the same 指原物That’s the same tool as I used last week.(同類工具，不是同一把)

That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上週用過的工具。

注意：the way 做先行詞時，定語從句可由that， in which 引導或不用引導詞。

IV.定語從句與其它從句(句型)的區別

類別區別

定語從句與並列句：定語從句與並列句的主要區別在於：並列句有像and，but，so等並列連詞或兩個句子用分號連接，這時就不能再用引導定語從句的關係詞了。 ①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer.

②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer.

從結構上看，①小題是定語從句，故填whom；

②小題有並列連詞but，是並列句，故填代詞 them。

定語從句與狀語從句：定語從句的前面有名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句沒有先行詞。 This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.

這是幾年前我們居住的地方。(定語從句，先行詞為the place)

Let’s go where we can find a better job.

我們到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。(地點狀語從句)

定語從句修飾、限制、説明名詞，只能放在先行詞的後面，而狀語從句説明動作發生的情況，並且可以放在主句的前面。 Do you know the time when the class is over？ 你知道下課的時間嗎？(定語從句)

It was already five o’clock when the class was over.

=When the class was over， it was already five o’clock.

當下課時己經是5點了。(時間狀語從句)

When， where和why在引導定語從句時可以用“介詞+which”的結構來替換，在引導狀語從句時卻不行。 This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.

這就是他的父親曾經工作過的那個工廠。(定語從句)

Put back the book where it was. 把書放回原處。(狀語從句)

定語從句中的關係詞在從句中充當某種句子成分，因此去掉它則從句成分不完整；而結果狀語從句中的.連接詞在從句中不作任何成分，去掉後從句的成分仍然完整。 It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我們大家都喜歡的如此有趣的書。

(as用作動詞like的賓語，它引導的是定語從句)

It is such an interesting book that we all like it.

它是一本如此有趣的書，我們大家都喜歡它。

(that不充當句子成分，故它引導的是結果狀語從句)

定語從句與同位語從句：定語從句在複合句中相當於形容詞，對先行詞起修飾、描述或限制的作用，與先行詞之間有從屬關係。同位語的作用相當於名詞，對前面的名詞給予補充説明或進一步解釋，是前面名詞的具體內容，與先行詞之間是同位關係。 The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy.

她考試及格的消息使她父母親很高興。(同位語從句)

此句中的同位語從句 The news that she had passed the exam

可以改寫成表語從句：The news is that he passed the exam.

The news that he told us interested all of us.

他告訴我們的消息使大家都感興趣。(定語從句)

The news that he told us 是定語從句，此句不能改寫為：The news is that he told us.

定語從句與強調句：強調句的結構為“It is/was+被強調部分+that+從句”。被強調部分可以是除謂語以外的任何成分，當被強調部分是人時，還可用who代替that。這一句型中，一定不能因為被強調部分是表時間或地點的詞就用when或where代替 that。 ①It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met Liang Wei at the airport.

②It is the factory _____ Mr Wang works.

從結構上看：

①小題是強調句，故填 that。

②小題則是定語從句，用上述方法轉換便知the factory前差個介詞in，故填 where。