高中英語選修7 units 3～4重點詞彙

　　witness

vt. 當場見到；目擊；證明

vi. 作證

n. 目擊者；證人；證據

The world has witnessed China’s rapid development in space with the launch of Chang’e-3. 嫦娥3號的發射讓世人見證了中國在太空方面的快速發展。

He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他作證説看到那個男人進入房間。

His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.他的健康身體證明這種療法是成功的。

搭配

a witness to sth 某事的證人/證明

bear/give witness to sth 為……作證；證明

witness to （doing） sth 作證證明某事/做某事

一言巧記

The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness. 這場事故的目擊者向警察提交了證明並且答應作證。

　　urge

vt. 催促；極力主張；驅策

n. 強烈的慾望；衝動

He urged on his pupils the importance of hard work. 他向學生們力言用功的重要性。

The UN urged Syria to stop violence immediately and go back to the negotiating table. 聯合國敦促敍利亞應立即停止暴力行為，回到談判桌上來。

They urged that the library be kept open during the vacation. 他們極力主張在放假期間圖書館應當照常開放。

搭配

urge sb/sth on 催促某物/某人前進

urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事

urge that... （should） do sth 極力主張；強調……

It is urged that... （should） do sth 堅決要求……

abandon

vt. 遺棄；拋棄；放棄

n. 放縱；盡情

The bad weather forced them to abandon their search. 惡劣的天氣迫使他們終止了搜尋工作。

They abandoned carrying out the plan because of the lack of money. 因為缺少資金，他們放棄了執行這項計劃。

We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs. 我們要遠離那些吸毒成癮的人。

搭配

abandon one’s hope/plan 放棄希望/計劃/注意

abandon oneself to 沉溺於……；縱情於……

abandon doing sth 放棄做某事

with abandon 放縱地；放任地

abandoned 無約束的；無度的；放蕩的

一言巧記

The child was abandoned by his parents. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street， abandoning himself to despair. 那孩子被他的父母遺棄了，後來有人發現他在大街上游蕩，他陷入了絕望。

　　reflect

vi.&vt. 思考；映射；反射

His house reflects his personality. 他住的房子反映他的性格。

You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures. 你應該留出時間反思你的成功與失敗。

Her face was reflected in the mirror. 鏡子映出她的臉。

搭配

reflect sb/sth in sth （指鏡子等）映出某人/物

reflect sth from sth 從某物（表面）反射（光，熱，聲等）

reflect on sth 思考某事

拓展 reflection 反射，反映影像

be lost in reflection 陷入深思中

　adjust

vt.&vi. 調整；使適合

It took a while for his eyes to adjust to the blackness. 他用了一小會兒讓眼睛適應這個漆黑的`地方。

This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need. Besides， it is not expensive at all. 這種課桌可以調整成你需要的高度，況且一點也不貴。 When a child is studying abroad， he must learn to adjust to living on his own. 當孩子出國留學時，他必須學會獨立生活。

搭配

adjust sth to sth 調整……以適應……

adjust to （doing） sth 適應於（做）……

adjust oneself to 使自己適應於……

拓展 adjustment n. 調整，調節，適應

make an adjustment 作出調整

辨析 adjust， adapt

adapt to和adjust to中的to雖然都是介詞，但習慣上adapt to後面只接名詞或者代詞；adjust to後面則既可以接名詞代詞也可以接動名詞。

adjust oneself to/adapt oneself to意為“使自己適應……”，兩者基本可以互換。

　donate

vt. 捐贈；贈送

Local people lined up to donate blood for the brave girl. 當地羣眾排隊給這位勇敢的姑娘獻血。

He asked for a donation but went away empty handed. 他請求人們捐款，卻一無所獲地離開了。

搭配

donate sth to 向……捐獻某物

make a donation to 捐獻給……

拓展 donator 捐贈者；贈送者

辨析 donate/contribute

二者均可表示“捐獻”，後面均可接to。表示捐錢或衣物時，兩者可互換使用。

donate 一般表示捐錢或獻血，只用作及物動詞。contribute主要指“貢獻”，通常指貢獻財力、物力、智力等。contribute還可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”。

[練習]

1. The book was written in 1966， since when the education system .（witness）

這本書寫於1966年，它見證了此後教育體系的巨大變化。

2. It is strongly urged by her father that she the job in that small firm. （apply）

父親堅決要求她不要在那家小公司求職。

3. Everybody knows that we need to

this new situation and need to get better. （adjustment）

每個人都知道我們需要作必要的調整來適應新形勢才能變得更好。

4. The doctor said that the patient had to

at once， which made us all worried. （operate）

醫生説病人必須立刻做手術，這使我們都非常擔心。