雅思考試首段寫作的小訣竅

在雅思考試中，掌握一些首段開頭的小訣竅是有助於考生取得高分的。下面就讓本站小編給大家分享雅思考試首段寫作的幾個簡單小訣竅吧，希望能對你有幫助!

　　雅思考試首段寫作的小妙招

一、開頭結構三步走

Background information

Issue under discussion

Personal idea (這也是我們常説的thesis statement)

Prediction (對文章總體內容的預測，不強求考生在考試時候寫)

在這個必寫的前三點中，很多學生會發現背景信息無從下手，不知道怎麼寫。於是，有了模板，就將題目裏面的話硬生生地套進去了。當然，我們發現了一個有趣的現象，那就是，有的學生用固定句型套進去後得了高分，有的則相反，為什麼會出現這種情況，我們將在其他的博文中提到。今天，我們將重點落在如何寫background information上。要寫好Background information 首先要在審題的時候搞清楚什麼是facts，什麼是 view，分清這兩點是我們寫好開頭的，包括全文正文議論部分的重點。

二、示例

Example 1：

Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Do you support or oppose this statement?

Example 2：

In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.

例1：

這句話“Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities.”是一個觀點。其中say告訴我們，這個是個人持有的想法，而且是可以提出反對意見並對其進行批駁的，因此也被稱為debatable statement。

表示提出觀點的同義詞有：think, believe, hold, maintain, state, claim, present, support, be in favor of, be for, be opposite to, object to, be against…

在開頭段中要求給出的background information應該是一個事實信息，因此，在例1中，我們不可以通過照抄題目，當作background information。所謂的背景信息，你只要問自己一個問題，即：“在一個怎麼樣的`社會環境下產生了一個有爭議的話題”。回答了這個問題，background information就出來了。

例1 中給出“有些人認為建更多的道路能減緩大城市交通擁堵狀況。”提出這個觀點的前提是存在交通擁堵情況，並且很嚴重，需要解決。交通擁堵情況的產生的根源是大量使用汽車、或者是道路規劃存在問題等，因此這些就是這個話題的前提，也就是在這個背景下，產生了這個話題，因此background information就應運而生了。比如我們可以寫成：

Sample 1:

With the popularity of automobile in big cities, an increasing number of problems have arisen, one of which is the traffic congestion.

在內容有了之後，我們就要開始追求詞彙和句型了，paraphrase是重要技巧之一。全篇文章中要做paraphrase 的地方很多，比如如何闡述要討論的話題，body部分的concluding sentence，結尾段的restatement of the thesis statement; summarize the topic sentences. 包括在小作文中也很重要。 我們也會在之後的博文中重點討論如何paraphrase。

以上這個句子，我們也可以擴展成以下語義更復雜的句子：

Sample 2:

When technology accelerates, an inevitable consequence brought with it is the unprecedented problems arising from it. Similarly, the enjoyment of automobile in modern cities also leaves people an ever intricate problem---the traffic congestion.

例2:

In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.

題目給出“在一些國家，年輕人被鼓勵在高中畢業和大學之間，花一年的時間來工作或旅遊。”這個就被稱為了non-debatable statement，因為這個做法已經存在，也沒法去反駁，因此是個事實信息。我們就可以直接把它拿來做背景了。完全照抄是不得不到高分的，paraphrase和sentence variety的功力就要體現在這裏了，參考Sample：

Sample1:

Instead of directly attending university after the graduation from high school, youngsters in some countries are encouraged to spend one year working or travelling around first.

Sample 2:

There is a tendency that high school graduates are urged to work or travel for one year before their receiving higher education.

因此，認真審題，分清fact和opinion在寫作中是至關重要的。

　　雅思寫作必備模板

table shows the changes in the number the period ... 該表格描述了在...年之...年間...數量的變化。

bar chart illustrates that... 該柱狀圖展示了...

graph provides some interesting data regarding... 該圖為我們提供了有關...有趣數據。

diagram shows (that)... 該圖向我們展示了...

pie graph depicts (that).... 該圓形圖揭示了...

is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 這個曲線圖描述了...的趨勢。

figures/statistics show (that)... 數據(字)表明...

tree diagram reveals how... 該樹型圖向我們揭示瞭如何...

data/statistics show (that)... 該數據(字)可以這樣理解...

data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 這些數據資料令我們得出結論...

　　雅思寫作話題資料：是否應該讓孩子多看電視

Some people believe that it is beneficial for children to spend time on TV, video and PC games, while some hold the opposite view. Talk about these two views and give your own opinion.

When it comes to whether children shall spend their spare time watching TV, video and playing PC games, people’s opinions diverse greatly. Some say it is basically a waste of children’s time, while others argue that children can benefit a lot from such activities.

It is firmly maintained by many parents and teachers that children’s main purpose is to pursue outstanding academic achievements at school. To beat their competitors, they must make the best use of every precious minute. Therefore, they can not afford to indulge themselves before the “idiot box” as TV or in playing the senseless virtual games. Moreover, watching TV and playing PC games are addictive for many poorly-disciplined children, consuming their interest in study and eroding their academic aspirations.

However, many other people hold different views, arguing that if properly guided and supervised, children can expand vision and knowledge as well as foster their creativity from those fun activities. There are many educational programs on TV such as Discovery which feed children extensive knowledge in science and arts. By sparking children’s interest and imagination in various topics, these programs are often more enlightening than textbooks. Furthermore, when playing PC games, children can foster a stronger sense of cooperation as well as competition, and sharpening their mind against possible risks in the real world. Last but not least, watching cartoons and science fiction movies definitely stimulates children’s imagination and creativity. Many youngsters have been inspired to come up with novel inventions of become engineering elites in later life exactly with the inspirations from those sources.

From the above discussion, it is evident that if children can balance their study and fun time properly, watching TV, video programs and playing PC games will unquestionably bring them more benefits than harm. After all, books are not the only source of useful knowledge; in order to grow healthily in modern times, children need to accumulate knowledge and skills from various channels, and suitable time for relaxation and inspiration is surely more welcome than not.

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