2017公共英語各類條件句講解

導語：條件句是指一種表示假設的主從複合句，一般由連詞 if 引導的條件從句引出某種假設，再由主句表示基於這種假設下的反饋。下面YJBYS小編講解公共英語常考的條件句，歡迎參考!

　　混合條件句

主句與從句的'動作發生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

(從句與過去事實相反，主句與現在事實相反。)

If it had rained last night (過去), it would be very cold today (現在).

　　虛擬條件句的倒裝

虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were、should、或had可將if省略，再把were、should或had移到從句句首，實行倒裝。

Were they here now, they could help us.

=If they were here now, they could help us.　　Had you come earlier, you would have met him

=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.

Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.

注意：

在虛擬語氣的從句中，動詞“be”的過去時態一律用“were”，不用was，即在從句中be用were代替。

If I were you, I would go to look for him.

如果我是你，就會去找他。

If he were here, everything would be all right.

如果他在這兒，一切都會好的。

典型例題

_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.

A. If were I　　 B. I were　C. Were I　D. Was I

答案C. 在虛擬條件狀語中如果有were, should, had這三個詞，通常將if省略，主語提前, 變成 were、should、had+主語的形式。但要注意，在虛擬條件狀語從句中，省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。如我們可説 Were I not to do，而不能説 Weren’t I to do.

　　非真實條件句

時態：可以表示過去，現在和將來的情況。它的基本特點是時態退後。

a.同現在事實相反的假設。

句型：條件從句+主句

一般過去時：should(would)+動詞原形

If they were here, they would help you.

b.表示於過去事實相反的假設。

句型：條件從句+主句

過去完成時：should(would)have+ 過去分詞

If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.

The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.

If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.

含義：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.

If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.

含義： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.

c.表示對將來的假想

句型：條件從句+主句

一般過去時：should+動詞原形/were+不定式/would+動詞原形/should+ 動詞原形

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.