2017年公共英語四級核心語法講解

在當今這個學習英語風潮盛行的社會，英語似乎已經成為了我們生活中不可或缺的一部分，以下是小編為大家搜索整理的2017年公共英語四級核心語法講解，希望能對大家有所幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!

　　主語和謂語一致性

在英語的句子中,謂語動詞在人稱和數上必須和主語保持一致。　如：

The results of the examination show that you have all made good progress.考試結果説明你們都有很大的進步。

The questions raised by e are very important.懷特先生提供的問題很重要。

The theory put forward by these scientists is quite reasonable.這些科學家提出的理論是很有道理的。

1. 如果主語是一個抽象概念,謂語動詞用單數形式：

Growing vegetables needs constant watering.

2. 當主語中包含有and時，如果它表示一個單一概念，謂語要用單數動詞，否則用複數動詞。如：

The food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material.糧食工業和紡織工業主要靠農業提供原料。

To mean top do something and to actually do something are two separate things.想幹一件事和真幹一件事是兩回事。

3. 如果主語是單數，儘管後面跟有with,together with,as well as,no less than,like,but,except等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍舊用單數形式。　如/FONT>

An iron and steel works,with some statellite factories,is to be built here.這裏將要修建一座鋼鐵廠和幾個衞星工廠.

Nobody but Xiao Li and Xiao Wang was there.只有小李和小王在那裏.

Justice,as well as the law,demands that these bandits be severely punished.法律和正義都要求嚴辦這些匪徒。

4. each和由some,any,no,every構成的複合代詞,都作單數看待。

如：Each of us has something to say.我們每個人都有些話要説。

Somebody is using the phone.有人在用電話。

5. what,who,which,any,more,most,all等代詞可以是單數，也可以是複數，主要由意思決定。

如：Which is your room?哪個是你的`房間?

Which are your rooms?哪幾間是你們的房間?

6. none作複數時較多，但有時也作單數，主要看説話人所聯想到的是單數還是複數概念。作複數時，

如：None of the books are easy enough for us.這些書全太難，不適合我們的水平。

None of us seemto have thought of it.我們全都似乎沒有想到過這一點。

作單數時：None ofus has got a camara.我們中間沒有一個人有照相機。

none在代表不可數的東西時總是看作單數。　如：None of this worries me.這事一點使我着急。

7. either和neither通常作單數看待：

Neither of us has gone through regular training.我們兩人誰都沒能受過正規訓練。

Has either of them told you?他們兩人中間有誰告訴過你嗎?

8. many a 或more than one 所修飾的詞作主語時，謂語動詞多用單數形式。　如：

Many a person has had that kind of experience.很多人有過這種經歷。

9. people,police,cattle,poultry,militia等通常都用作複數。　如：Cattle are grazing on the pasture.牛正在草場上吃草。

The militia are all out drilling for the National Day parade. 民兵們都出來操練，準備參加國慶遊行。

有些集體名詞有時作單數看待，有時作複數看待，要根據意思判斷。

如：His family isn't very large.他家人不很多。

His family are all music lovers.他家的人都喜愛音樂。

10. number,variety,proportion,majority,population等詞和作單數，有時用作複數，要根據意思判斷，如：　A number of books have been published on the subject.有關這學科的書出版了好些。

The number of books published on the subject simply amazing.有關學科的書出版的數量簡直驚人。

A large proportion of the country is desert.這個國家大部分是沙漠。

11. 不可數名詞前如有表數量的複數名詞，後面常用複數動詞作謂語。　如：In these years 5 million square meters of housing constructed in Shanghai.這幾年中，上海修建了五百尤平方米的住房。

There are about thirteen pints of blood in a man'sbody.人體內約有十三品脱的血。

12. 表示時間、重量、長度、價值等的名詞，儘管是複數形式，如果作整體看待，動詞也可用單數形式，當然用複數動詞也是可以的。如：

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparation. 給了三個星期來做必要的準備。

One hundred li was covered in a single night.一夜間就走了一百里路。

13. 當一個句子有兩個主語，而它們又是由或連接起來時，謂語要和最臨近的主語一致。　如：

Either you or Lao Yang is to do the work.不是你就是老楊來做這工作。

如果一個句子是由there或here引起，而主語又不止一個，謂語通常也和最臨近的那個主語一致。

如：There was carved on the board a dragon and a phoenix. 在板子上雕有一條龍和一隻鳳。

Where is your wift and children to stay while you are away? 你不在這兒時你愛人和孩子在哪兒呢?

In the truck was found a pen,a few suits of clothes and two books. 在大箱子裏發現了一支筆、幾套衣服和兩本書。