公共英語等級考試四級真題及答案

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ctions:

Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

In the years after World War II, Americans typically assumed the full responsibilities of adulthood by their late teens or early 20s. Most young men had (21 )__ school and were working full-

time, and most young women were (22)__ and raising children. People who grew (23) __in this era of growing affluence were economically serf-sufficient and able to take care of others by the time they had weathered adolescence. Today, adulthood no longer (24) __ when adolescence ends.

Social scientists are beginning to recognize a new phase of life: early adulthood. Some features of this stage resemble coming of age (25) __ the late 19th and early 20th centuries,(26)__ youth fingered in a state of semi-autonomy, waiting (27)__ they were sufficiently well-off to marry, have children and establish an independent (28) __ However, there are important differences (29)__ how young people today define and achieve adulthood from those of both the recent and the more distant past.

This new stage is not merely an extension of adolescence, (30) __ has been maintained in the mass media. Young adults are physically mature and often (31) __ impressive intellectual,

social and psychological skills. Nor are young people today reluctant to accept adult responsibilities. Instead, they are busy (32) __ up their educational credentials and practical skills in an ever more demanding labor market. Yet, many have not become fully adult, (33) __ they are not ready, or perhaps not permitted, to do (34) __ . For a growing number, this will not happen until their late 20s or even early 30s. In (35) __, American society will have to revise upward the “normal” age of full adulthood, and develop ways to assist young people through the ever-lengthening transition.

答案解析:

　　leted/finished

　　【精析】本題考查句意推斷。由上下文以及人生成長階段的常識可知，此句要表達的意思是大多數年輕男性在二十歲左右已經完成學業，開始工作了，故填completed/finished均可。

　　ied

　　【精析】本題考查句意推斷。由後文的raising children可知，此句要表達的是多數年輕女性已結婚生子，故填married。

　　【精析】本題考查動詞詞組的`搭配及用法。根據句意不難理解，此句的主語是在這個黃金髮展時代成長起來的人們，grow up意為“成長，長大”，故填up。

　　ns/tarts/commences l

　　【精析】本題考查前後文的結構對照。句中將“成年期”與“青年期”對照，後半句説的是青年期的結束，由推測可知，前半句應為成年期的開始。整句表達的是，成年期並不隨着青春期的結束而開始，故填 begins/starts/commences均可。

　　【精析】本題考查介詞的用法。在十九世紀末二十世紀初，用介詞 in，故填in。 l

　　【精析】本題考查關係副詞的用法。此句為when引導的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面表示時間的先行詞“十九世紀末二十世紀初”，故：填when。 I

　　l/till I

　　【精析】本題考查句意推斷及連詞的用法。由上下文得知，此句表達的是年輕人要等到足夠富有了才結婚生子，故填until/till均可。

　　ly/household/home

　　【精析】本題考查句意推斷。由上下文可推斷，此處要表達的意思是建立一個獨立的家庭，故填family/household/home均可。

　　 {

　　【精析】本題考查句意理解及介詞的用法。此句要表達的是如今的青年人在定義與實現成年期問題上與過去的人有很大不同。表達“在…方面”應用介詞in，故填in。

　　【精析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。前面主句中的“an extension of adolescence”為先行詞。此句意為“這個新階段並不像大眾媒體所堅持認為的那樣是青少年時期的延伸”，故填which。

　　【精析】本題考查句意理解及句型結構。此句由and連接兩個並列謂語，意為“年輕的成年人生理髮育成熟，常常擁有驚人的智慧、社交技能和心理承受技能”，故填have/own/possess均可。 I ding/strengthening

　　【精析】本題考查動詞短語的搭配及用法。整句句意為“年輕人忙於加強他們的教育背景，提升實踐技能”。building/strengthening意為 “建立，增進，加強”，又因為be busy(in)doin9的固定搭配，故填

　　building/strengthening均可。

　　use/for/since

　　【精析】本題考查邏輯關係。此句意為“很多年輕人還沒有完全成年是因為他們還沒有準備好”，故填because/for/since均可。 I

　　【精析】本題考查句意理解。很多年輕人沒有完全成年因為他們還沒有準備好這樣做。so/this指代前面的“become fully adult”，故填so /this均可。

　　【精析】本題考查介詞短語：in fact/in reality“事實上，實際上”，故填 fact/reality 均可。

ctions:

61. Read the following text and write an essay to

1) summarize the main points of the text,

2) make clear your own viewpoint, and

3) justify your stand.

In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text. If you use more than three consecutive words from the text, use quotation marks (“ ”).

　　You should write 160-200 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Sunlight is free. Turning it into electricity produces no greenhouse gases and the process is getting cheaper every year. These facts suggest solar power ought soon to be a big part of the world's energy mix. However, it is unavailable at night and is most efficiently generated in deserts. Can these problems be overcome? Or is solar power forever destined to be financially aided greenwash that is applied superficially to fossil-fuel-based economies to make them seem more environ. mentally friendly than they really are?

This motion depends on whether the world needs saving, and if so, from what?

There are two conventional answers to the second question. One is, "from the effects of climate change brought about by man-made global warming". The other is, "from dependence on fossil fuels that are, by definition, a finite resource".

Both of these answers are challengeable. Few informed people doubt that humanity's outpourings of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, are altering the climate. But there is doubt over both how big that, effect will be and whether the response should be to try to stop the change or to adapt to it. The former would certainly require an approach to alternative energy, in which solar power would play an important--and probably eventually dominant--role. The latter would argue for business as usual, with access to the cheapest energy sources (ie, at the moment, fossil fuels) to help bring about the economic growth that will help pay for adaptation to an altered climate.