英語祈使句的結構及用法

導語：用於表達命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是YJBYS小編整理的英語祈使句的結構及用法，歡迎參考!

　　祈使句的結構

1) 祈使句有兩種類型，一種是以動詞原形開頭，在動詞原形之前加do (但只限於省略第二人稱主語的句子)。

Take this seat.

Do be careful.

否定結構：

Don't move.

Don't be late.

2) 第二種祈使句以let開頭。

Let 的反意疑問句

a. Let's 包括説話者

Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

us 不包括説話者

Let us have another try，will you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定結構：

Let's not talk of that matter.

Let us not talk of that matter.

　　如何引用祈使句

祈使句如要引用，多使用一個不定式，前面的謂語形式根據語氣決定。如：

“Wake him up,” she said.

→She told me to wake him up.

“See a neurologist,” the doctor said.

→The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.

“Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.

→The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.

“Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.

→Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.

■能跟這種結構的`動詞有：

advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order

persuade remind teach tell urge warn

　　祈使句的分類及例句

1.祈使句構成方式：動詞原形+其他。如：Please buy some bananas for me.請為我買一些香蕉。

2.祈使句否定形式：在動詞原形前+Don't。如：Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。

3.祈使句的反意疑問句用will you/won't you。以let's開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句部分用shall we。以let us開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句部分用will you/shall we。如：Don't swim here,will you?不要在這游泳，好嗎? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?讓我們去動物園吧，好嗎?

引起的祈使句：肯定形式為Let+sb+動詞原形+其他;否定形式為Let+sb+not+動詞原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如：Let's join the soccer club.讓我們加入足球俱樂部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.別讓他們玩火。

5.禁止祈使句：No+n./ 。如：No smoking!禁止吸煙!