考研英語高分作文標準及範文

什麼樣的英語作文才是高分作文，高分作文要符合哪些要求，下面yjbys網小編為大家提供了考研英語高分作文標準及範文，供大家參考!

一、內容切題, 包括提綱的全部內容

自1991年研究生入學考試增加作文的考試項目以來, 每次作文都要求考生根據所提供的寫作提綱完成一篇短文, 因此, 評分標準的第一項即要求內容切題, 包括提綱的全部內容, 實際上對於任何命題性作文來説, 內容切題都是一項最基本的要求。那麼該如何達到這一要求呢? 我們認為考生應該從以下幾個方面入手:

(1) 認真審題。根據題目類別, 弄清文體的要求, 並判明文章的種類( 議論文、説明文、記敍文), 同時確定文章要闡明的主題或要表達的中心思想, 若題目已經給提供了提綱, 還要注意弄清各提綱要點之間的邏輯關係。考生在拿到作文題後切勿唯恐時間不夠, 提筆就寫。 一旦寫的內容偏離了題目的要求, 等到發現了再改就來不及了。我們平常所説的“磨刀不誤砍柴功”就是這個道理。

(2) 注意安排設計段落。根據文章的中心思想, 確定各個段落的主題內容和主題句。如果是議論文, 一般要從論點的正反兩個方面來考慮, 首先是某觀點的合理成分或者某物的長處, 然後是該觀點的不合理成分或者該物的短處, 最後闡明自己的觀點。如果題目給提供了提綱, 只要把提綱擴展成主題句即可。

(3) 切忌將記憶裏比較熟悉的句子生拉硬扯地弄進作文, 使作文結構鬆散, 意思不明確, 甚至會偏離主題。

　　二、表達清楚, 文字連貫

文章要做到表達清楚, 文字連貫, 文章各段落就必須根據提綱所確立的不同主題句來展開, 而且各段落的主題句將段落的各個部分凝聚在一起, 流利地表現出段落所要表現的思想, 使讀者能夠輕鬆地理解段落中各部分以及段落之間的聯繫。下面, 我們來看一篇93年考題的範文:

Advertisement on TV

Today more and more advertisements are seen on the TV screen. Every evening a series of advertisements come immediately after the News Program is over, informing TV viewers of the many different sorts of up-to-date products on the market. Besides, it often happens that while you are absorbed in a wonderful film on TV, endless ads interrupt you from time to time and make you quite annoyed.

There are two reasons, I think, for the growing number of ads on TV. First, in a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the choice of several different brands of the same product. Thus, manufacturers are confronted with a problem how to keep sales high enough to stay in business. They solve this problem by advertising. Through advertising, each manufacturing company tries to convince consumers that its product is special. Second, most consumers are interested in ads. They wish to get from TV ads the first-hand information about new products, which enables them to choose the one that they like best. As a result, there is a sharp increase in ads on the TV screen.

Personally, I am in favour of TV ads because most of them are interesting and informative. But there is no denying that some of them are tedious and boring. So I feel TV stations are faced with an arduous task to strengthen the control of ads, to improve their quality and to make them more attractive.

(注: 該範文摘自朱泰祺編著《新編碩士研究生入學英語考試複習指導》一書)

在上面的作文中, 作者採用了明確的主題句, 而且每個段落都是緊緊圍繞主題句寫作而成, 另外, 作者還使用了明顯的連接詞, 例如第一段中的besides, 第二段的first, thus, second, as a result, 第三段中的but, so等等, 使得整個文章主題思想清楚, 文字渾然一體。

　　三、句式有變化

初學寫作的同志, 由於對英語寫作沒有信心, 通常不敢大膽地使用自己已經掌握的語言基礎知識, 包括英語句法知識。結果整篇文章都是以主語、謂語、賓語句式為主的簡單句子, 文章因此顯得刻板, 毫無生氣。實際上, 同漢語一樣, 英語的句子結構也是豐富多彩, 變化多樣的, 同樣的一個意義可以用多種句子結構來表達。例如:

例1. The villagers took great care of the old man.

The old man was taken great care of (by the villagers).

Great care was taken of the old man (by the villagers).

例2. His speech was good enough to stir the audience.

His speech was too good not to stir the audience.

His speech was so good that all the audience felt stirred.

例3. A computer was among the new products on display.

Among the new products on display was a computer.

例4. Most metals are good conductors, and silver is the best.

Most metals are good conductors, silver being the best.

Most metals are good conductors, with silver in the lead.

因此, 我們在寫作時, 應充分利用我們已有的句法知識, 採用各種句法結構, 使作文句式多樣、 生動活潑。

　　四、句子結構和用詞正確

要在寫作中, 使用正確的句子結構, 選擇恰當的詞彙, 首先要勤學多練。尤其在開始練習寫作的初始階段, 可勤查語法書和字典等工具書, 背記常用詞和短語, 擴大詞彙量, 拓展知識面。 要深刻理解所背詞語的內在含義, 並瞭解他們所使用的語言環境。複習備考時, 請務必認真閲讀本書的後面關於寫作方面的論述, 模仿並熟記一些常用的過渡詞和英語句型, 以及一些英語範文,並切忌自編自造漢語式的.英語句式和詞組, 養成不良的寫作習慣。 一定要注意使用學習過的,比較熟悉有把握的句式和詞彙。

其次, 在考試過程中, 對於那些拿不穩, 沒有把握的句子, 儘量採取“ 迴避政策”。下面是一篇在94年研究生入學考試中獲得14分的作文, 整篇文章很符合我們在上面所述的高分作文的要求:

On Making Friends

As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend. Society is made up of individuals, and making friend is a very important part in our life. Friends can give you a lot. First, if you have trouble with some problems, you can consult your good friends and exchange opinions. Thus you will feel comfortable and encouraged. Secondly, if you wish to do some physical exercises, such as playing table tennis, you can play with friends and have a good time. Then you can relax yourself. In short, we need friends.

But what is true friendship? Some people think friends are people whom they can play with. In my opinion, a friend in need is a friend indeed. True friendship can encourage you when you are in difficulties. A true friend not only shares with you your joy and happiness but also your trouble and anxiety. When you need him, he will give you a hand and spare no efforts. Of course, these principles are the same to you when you treat your friends.

As far as I'm concerned, I wish to make as many friends as possible. The world is a big family, and we will feel relaxed in a friendly atmosphere. You will discover the world is full of flowers and happiness. I wish some day we can all be friends.

另外, 值得一提的是, 寫作屬於主觀性測試, 閲卷人對答卷印象的好壞會直接影響到考生的分數, 而且研究生入學考試英語短文寫作的閲卷採用的是總體評分的方法, 閲卷人員就總體印象給出獎勵分, 而不是按語言點的錯誤數目扣分, 因此, 考生要特別注意卷面的整潔, 答題紙四周都要留空邊。在一般情況下, 你的作文的讀者就是閲卷的老師, 所以, 短文忌用對讀者不尊重的詞語, 避免引起閲卷老師的反感, 例如, 有些考生習慣使用“Do you know …? Let me tell you”之類的過分口語化的句子, 這樣有把讀者當做國小生之嫌, 易引起人的反感, 因此應該儘量避免。 另外, 切勿將題目中提供的英語單詞抄錯, 否則會使閲卷人感覺到你是一位粗心甚至不負責任的人。 還有一點容易給閲卷人造成不良印象的問題是標點符號的使用, 在閲卷的過程中, 我們經常會碰到有的考生的作文整篇沒有一個明顯的標點符號, 在每個句子或應該加註標點的地方都用一點, 根本分不清是逗號還是句號, 有的缺乏標點符號的常識, 在一個書名兩邊加註《 》號, 這些都會影響到考生的成績。因此, 希望考生注意認真閲讀後面關於標點符號使用的一部分。

最後, 我們談談考試過程中短文寫作的時間分配問題, 短文寫作的時間為40分鐘, 要力爭寫完寫好, 這就要求考生做到有條不紊，忙而不亂，充分發揮自己應有的水平。建議按照如下的方案分配時間: 審題2～3分鐘, 組織素材, 細節和關鍵詞: 5～6分鐘, 起草: 20～25分鐘, 修改定稿: 6～10分鐘。