2017年英語六級閲讀材料練習題及答案

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The ancient Romans are probably best remembered as fighters. Fighting was certainly one of their favourite activities. According to the legend, the city of Rome was founded by the twin sons of Mars — the God of War. 1 The Romans were such successful fighters that no one could resist them. At its height2, the Roman Empire stretched from Britain in the west to Persia in the east, and from Germany in the north down to Africa. The most famous Roman leaders were soldiers —Agrippa , Hadrian, Mark Antony and Julius Caesar3 and the greatest works of Roman literature described many battles these leaders fought.

Even in peacetime the most popular form of sport in Rome was a battle between two professional fighters called gladiators. These men fought each other with swords and spears. Usually one gladiator killed the other. Gladiators also fought wild animals for the amusement of the Roman crowds. Such entertainments were called circuses, and it was often said that“bread and circuses”4 were the only two things the Romans needed to be happy.

But the Romans did not spend all their time fighting. They were great builders. They built wonderful temples and public squares, heated baths and leisure centers, huge arches5 to celebrate the victories of their generals, and fine private houses, decorated with statues, fountains and mosaics. Their ideas of town planning were very advanced. The roads they built were stright and strong. In many parts of Europe, Roman roads are still in use. 6

　　閲讀自測

Ⅰ. According to the p as sage , fill in the blanks with proper words:

1. One of the favourite activities in ancient Rome was_____________ .

2. The entertainments that gladiators fought wild animals for amusement were called circuses, so there was a saying that_____________ and_____________ were the only two things the Romans needed to be happy.

3. Romans were great builders. They built wonderful_____________ and public squares, heated houses and_____________ and huge arches.

4. The Roman Empire was a wide state and it stretched from_____________ in the west to Persia in the_____________ , and from Germany in the north down to _______

Ⅱ. Question :

List two proverbs which are in relation to Rome.

　　參考答案

Ⅰ. 1. fighting 2. bread / circuses 3 . temples / leisure centers 4. Britain / east / Africa Ⅱ. The die is cast. All roads lead to Rome.

　　參考譯文

　　古羅馬人

古羅馬人最為出名的可能要算鬥士。搏鬥理所當然地成為他們深愛的運動項目之一。 據傳説記載, 羅馬城是由戰神馬耳斯的.雙胞胎兒子所建。羅馬人都是戰功赫赫的鬥士, 所 向無敵。羅馬帝國鼎盛時期, 其疆域向西擴展至不列顛, 東到波斯, 自北面的德國向南直達 非洲。羅馬最著名的領袖——— 阿格里帕、哈德良、馬克· 安東尼、尤利烏斯· 愷撒都是鬥 士, 而且羅馬文學中最偉大的著作對這些領袖指揮的戰鬥都有所描述。

即使是和平年代, 羅馬最流行的運動形式也是在被稱為角鬥士的兩名專業鬥士之間進 行的搏鬥。過去這些人用劍和矛對打, 經常是兩者必有一死。為了讓羅馬羣眾娛樂, 角鬥 士還與野生動物打鬥。這類娛樂方式被稱為競技。人們常説, 只要有了“ 麪包和競技”這兩 樣東西, 羅馬人就可以過得快活了。

但是, 羅馬人並沒把所有時間都花在搏鬥上。他們也是偉大的建設者。他們建造了奇 特的廟宇、公共廣場、温泉浴場、休閒中心、慶祝將軍們凱旋而歸的巨大拱門, 以及裝飾有雕 像、噴泉和鑲嵌圖案的漂亮的私人會所。羅馬人的城市規劃思想非常先進。他們修造的道 路筆直而且堅固。在現代歐洲的許多地方, 羅馬人修築的道路仍在使用。

閲讀導釋

1. 傳説戰神馬耳斯與一位國王的女兒生了對雙胞胎羅穆盧斯( Romulus) 和瑞摩斯( Remus) 。然而, 邪惡的舅舅把他們丟棄在台伯河( Tiber River ) 上, 任其自生自滅。幸運 的雙胞胎並沒有被淹死。他們由一隻母狼哺養長大, 後來被獵人救出。兩人成年後, 決定建立城市。在修築城牆時兩人發生爭吵, 羅穆盧斯殺死瑞摩斯成為羅馬城創建者及 “ 王政時代”的第一國王。今天羅馬城市的中心仍有一尊母狼哺乳嬰兒的青銅像。至 今, 羅馬城徽的圖案就是一隻母狼哺乳兩個嬰兒。

2. 這個詞是形容詞high 的名詞形式, 意思是“頂峯, 頂點, 極度”, 如: reach the height of the mountain (到達山頂) ; The storm was at its height. (風暴正猛。)