2016屆大學聯考英語閲讀改錯提升訓練 科普知識

明天就要大學聯考了，今天小編準備了一些比較有代表性的大學聯考英語閲讀理解題給大家考前練練手，希望可以幫助同學們在大學聯考前儘快找到自己的做題狀態。

　　科普知識

維A1 閲讀理解(每題2分，滿分分)

大學聯考曾用材料：2012大綱全國卷ⅡB篇

選材相似度：★★★

設題相似度：★★★

難度係數：★★★★★

Scientists at Royal Holloway，University of London and Queen Mary，University of London have discovered that bees learn to fly the shortest possible route between flowers even if they discover the flowers in a different are effectively solving the “traveling salesman problem”，and they are the first creatures found to do this.

The traveling salesman must find the shortest route that allows him to visit all locations on his uters solve it by comparing the length of all possible routes and choosing the shortest，and it can keep computers busy for ver，bees solve it without computer assistance using a brain the size of grass seed.

l Raine，from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway explains，“Bees solve traveling salesman problems every visit flowers at multiple locations and because bees use lots of energy to fly，they find a route which keeps flying to a minimum.”

The team used the computer to control artificial flowers to test whether bees would follow a route defined by the order in which they discovered the flowers or if they would find the shortest r exploring the location of the flowers，bees quickly learned to fly the shortest route.

As well as improving our understanding of how bees move around the landscape pollinating crops and wild flowers，this research，which is due to be published in The American Naturalist，has other lifestyle relies on networks such as traffic on the roads，information flow on the Web and business supply understanding how bees can solve their problems with such a tiny brain，we can improve our management of these everyday networks without needing lots of computer e adds，“Despite their tiny brains bees are capable of extraordinary feats of need to understand how they can solve the traveling salesman problem without a computer.”

Note：

pollinate vt.授粉

【語篇解讀】 英國的科學家發現，蜜峯在花叢中飛行時，總是能夠找到最近的路線，這個“銷售員旅行難題”即使電腦也需要好幾天才能解決。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 would be the best title of the passage?

A. Bees help salesmen travel

­brained bees solve a complex mathematical problem

bees discover the flowers

to solve the “traveling salesman problem”

答案　B　[主旨大意題。“銷售員旅行難題”用計算機也得需要幾天才能解決，而蜜峯毫不費力地就能在花叢中找到最近的'飛行路線，故B項作為文章的標題最貼切、生動。]

may infer from the second paragraph that the “traveling salesman problem” ________.

be solved by a computer easily

't even be solved by a computer

puzzle both people and computers

ins to be solved by scientists

答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第二段可知，銷售員在出發之前必須找到合適的路線，這個“銷售員旅行難題”即使電腦也需要好幾天才能解決。]

main purpose of the last paragraph is to ________.

ide further proof for the research

us how bees can fly the shortest route between flowers

us how the research about bees' flying route was conducted

ain the significance of the research

答案　D　[推理判斷題。最後一段説明了蜜峯飛行路線研究的意義和目的，是為了幫助我們在實際生活中更好地節省時間和精力。]

can be concluded from the passage that ________.

creatures are smarter than computers

research about bees' flying route can be applied to many fields

networks are more complex than bees' ones

the help of the computer we can find out how bees can solve the “traveling salesman problem”

答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據最後一段可以推斷出對蜜峯飛行路線的研究可以應用到其他領域中。]

維A2 閲讀理解(每題2分，滿分分)

選材網站：

大學聯考曾用材料：2012新課標全國卷D篇

選材相似度：★★★★

設題相似度：★★★

難度係數：★★★★★

If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed，it is found to vary only slightly from place to rtheless，some of these small changes are e are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation—conversion of liquid water to water this manner the salinity is increased，since the salts stay this is carried to the extreme，of course，white crystals of salt would be left behind.