2017職稱英語試題衞生A級模擬題：閲讀判斷

2017年職稱英語開始備考啦，為了幫助大家更好地備考，下面是yjbys網小編為大家提供的2017職稱英語試題模擬題練習，希望能幫助大家順利備考複習。以下是職稱英語試題衞生A級模擬題：閲讀判斷。

　第2部分：閲讀判斷(第16"--'22題，每題l分，共7分)

下面的短文後列出了7個句子，請根據短文內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該旬提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

Cancer Drug Trials Often Halted Early

An increasing number of clinical trials for new cancer treatments are being halted before the risks and benefits have been fully evaluated, say Italian researchers, who warn that this growing trend could put patients at risk of harm from new therapies rushed into use.

The researchers looked at 25 randomized, controlled clinical trials that were stopped early because the treatments had started to show benefit to patients.

"When we analyzed 25 trials over a 10-year period between 1997 and 2007, we found a consistent increase in prematurely stopped trials -- more than 50 percent were stopped within the last three years," study co-author Giovanni Apolone said at a news conference Tuesday.

Of 14 trials halted early and published between 2005 and 2007, the researchers found that 11 (79 percent) of them were used to support drug approval applications submitted to the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

"This suggests a strong commercial component in stopping trials prematurely. In fact, this strategy could guarantee quicker access to the market for companies. On the other hand, a quicker clinical drug development may lead to an 'immature' benefit/risk balance of new drugs," Apolone said.

He and his colleagues "are aware that trials stopped early because they are showing benefit may result in identification of promising new treatments for patients. However, findings obtained following this strategy should be considered to be preliminary results that require subsequent confirmation."

It can take several years for the long-term benefits or harmful side effects of a new treatment to become apparent, Apolone noted, but the average duration ( 持續時間) of the 25 studies he and his colleagues analyzed was 30 months, with a range from 12 to 64 months.

They also found that at the time five of the studies were stopped, they'd enrolled less than 40 percent of the total number of patients planned for final analysis.

"Clinical trials need to stop early for superior benefit whenever there's proof beyond reasonable doubt that the new treatment really is superior. That would be an ethical obligation,"

Stuart Pocock, a professor of medical statistics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in the United Kingdom, said at the news conference. "However, too many trials are stopped early claiming efficacy (功效) without strong evidence being available."

16. The number of prematurely stopped clinical trials has increased recently.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The trials were stopped early because the treatments proved to be of no value.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. The 25 trials involved roughly the same number of participants.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Some of the trials were probably stopped early for commercial reasons.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. Participants in the trials were happy when they were stopped early.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2l. Some of the trials were too short to show their long-term effects.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Stuart Pocock believed that in no case should clinical trials stop early.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

答案與解析：

16.A。題幹：最近半途而廢的臨牀實驗的數量增加了。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到文章第一句：“越來越多的研究癌症新療法的臨牀實驗中止了……”題幹所述與文章信息相符，故選A。

17.B。題幹：提前停止實驗是因為治療被證明是無價值的。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到文章第二段：“臨牀實驗之所以中止是因為治療開始對病人見效了。”因此，題幹所述與原文不符，故選B。

18.C。題幹：25個實驗包括差不多相同數量的參與者。利用題幹關鍵詞進行定位，文章並沒有提及有關25個實驗參與者的數量情況，所以選C。

19.A。題幹：有些實驗中止是因為商業方面的原因。由關鍵詞commercial定位到文章第五段：“這意味着中止實驗是有經濟原因的'。”題幹所述與文章信息相符，因此選A。

20.c。題幹：當實驗中止時，參與者很高興。文章並沒有提及有關參與者的態度問題，因此選C。

21.A。題幹：有些實驗的時間太短了，無法顯示長久的影響。根據關鍵詞long-term定位到第七段：“一種新藥物產生的長遠好處和壞處有時需要很長時間才能明瞭。”題幹所述與文章信息相符，所以本題選A。

22.B。題幹：Stuart Pocock認為臨牀實驗無論如何也不能中止。根據專有名詞Stuart Pocock定位到第九段：“太多實驗停下的時間太早，其功效並沒有強有力的佐證，”但Stuart Pocock並沒有完全否定提前結束，故本題選擇B。