四級閲讀中常見的“信號詞”
在英語四級的閲讀中,有一些信號詞是常出現的,這些信號詞都是有深刻含義的,下面就和小編一起來看看吧!
一、以下詞組提示下文所涉及的重要信息
The main / important point / conclusion / reason….
The point to note here…
二、以下詞組提示了下文的結構框架
There are three major reasons…
三、but 和 however表示對比,常常用來提示重要信息
例如:
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.
四、在文中提問可以突出問題後的答案,提示讀者答案中有重要信息
例如:
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
五、有時,為了保證讀者完全理解自己的觀點,作者會在文中反覆提出自己的觀點
例如:
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
六、文章的.結論通常是非常重要的,因此,讀者要在文中尋找提示結論的“信號詞”
例如:
Thereforethe result
In conclusionwe can conclude
One of the primary conclusions
七、舉例是為了幫助讀者理解某一個觀點,因此,文中的例子不是瀏覽文章時的重要信息
在閲讀過程中,以下詞組提示讀者下文是舉例部分信息。
For example/instancelike
Such asthese include
To illustrateamong these are
有時,作者也會用破折號或括號來提示舉例信息,例如:
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…
在段落瀏覽時,讀者在看到信號詞後,應不斷對下文信息作出相應的判斷,例如:
The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,僅僅是為了用來證明前面的觀點) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.
Why (提示:問題的答案中有讀者應該關注的重點) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:這只是眾多答案中的一種,並不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but後面的是非常重要的信息).
For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:這裏是作者想要強調的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
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