公共英語五級考試經典閱讀材料每日一練
寶劍鋒從磨礪出,梅花香自苦寒來。以下是小編為大家搜尋整理的公共英語五級考試經典閱讀材料每日一練,希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent’s Gypsies (or Roman) to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place-at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union’s present and future countries. Some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as 15m.
Unlike Jews, Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi, their territorial origins are misty. Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. Other Europeans (wrongly) thought them migrant Egyptians, hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the 7th century.
However, since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground. The International Romany Union, which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than 30 countries, is fostering the idea of “self-rallying”. It is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a Gypsy flag (green with a wheel) when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations; and in July it held a congress in Prague, The Czech capital. Where President Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.
At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer, Emil Scuka, was elected president of the International Tomany Union. Later this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors from all over Europe (OSCE), to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.
The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies, but that is not saying a lot. Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress, few were democratically elected; oddly, none came from Hungary, whose Gypsies are perhaps the world’s best organized, with some 450 Gypsy bodies advising local councils there. The union did, however, announce its ambition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.
So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. The might, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particularly Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for EU membership. “The EU’s whole premise is to overcome differences, not to highlight them,” says a nervous Eurocrat.
But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe’s largest continent wide minority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. In Romania, the country that still has the largest number of them (more than 1m), in the 19th century they were actually enslaved. Hitler tried to wipe them out, along with the Jews.
“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,” says Jan Marinus Wiersma, a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament. That, they argue, might give them a boost. There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things, a Gypsy university.
One big snag is that Europe’s Gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. They belong to many different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common language or religion, Their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. Still, says, Dimitrina Petrova, head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest, Gypsies’ shared experience of suffering entitles them to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from “being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”
And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance, Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament. In Macedonia, a Gypsy party already has some-and even runs a municipality. Nicholas Gheorge, an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE, reckons that, spread over Central Europe, there are now about 20 Gypsy MPS and mayors, 400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals.
That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation. But, with the Gypsy question on the EU’s agenda in Central Europe, they are making ground.
-
2017下半年公共英語一級完形填空強化訓練題及答案
導語:完形填空是由出題者在一篇語義連貫的文章中有目的地去掉一些詞語,形成空格,要求在給出的對應的備選答案中,選出一個正確的或最佳的答案,使文章恢復完整的題目。下面是YJBYS小編提供的公共英語一級完形填空強化訓練題,做完記得對答案哦!Passagethree(Advertisers...
-
公共英語五級閱讀強化練習題
全國外語水平考試pets5級(簡稱WSK)考試時間將於11月19日、20日舉行,為了幫助大家高效備考,下面是小編提供給大家關於公共英語五級閱讀強化練習題,希望對大家的備考有所幫助。Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorsecond...
-
2016年下半年福建公共英語一級報名費用
導讀:2016年下半年福建公共英語一級報名時間為6月20日9時—7月5日16時,筆試收費標準為90元/人*次;口試費收費標準為80元/人*次,考試將於9月10日-9月11日進行,具體內容請看如下資訊。想了解更多相關資訊請持續關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!按照教育部考試中心的統...
-
公共英語三級閱讀題全文
全國公共英語等級考試(PETS),是面向社會的、開放的、以全體公民為物件的.非學歷性的英語等級考試,是測試應試者英語交際能力的水平考試,是以考查考生的語言交際能力為核心,是一個多級別的英語考試體系,各個級別的考試標準建立在同一個能力量表上,相互間既有明顯的區...