英語定語從句怎麼做

I was born in a small town, which has developed into a big industrial city.以下是小編為大家整理分享的英語定語從句怎麼做，歡迎閲讀參考。

　英語定語從句怎麼做

概述

1.定義：一個句子做定語叫做定語從句.

She is our new teacher who has just come back from the United States. 她是我們的新老師,剛從美國回來.

2.先行詞：被修飾的部分叫先行詞.先行詞可以是一個詞,也可以是一個句子.定語從句一般要在先行詞之後.

a. This is the baby whom you will look after.

這就是你要照料的嬰兒.

b. They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them. 他們十分友好,邀請我訪問他們的國家.

關係詞

1.關係代詞：that, which, who, whom, as, 在從句中作主語,賓語或表語；作賓語時一般可省略；whose在從句中作定語.

a. That was all that I wanted to tell you about .

那是我想要告訴你的一切.（賓語）

b. A scientist is a person who does scientific research.

科學家是搞科學研究的人.（主語）

c. The house whose door is brown is mine.

棕色的門的房子是我的.（賓語）

2.關係副詞：where, when, why 在從句中作狀語.

a. This is the school where I studied twenty years ago.

這是我二十年前學習過的學校.

b. I thought of my childhood when I lived in the village.

我想起了在村裏度過的童年.

c. That's the reason why I'm not in favour of your plan.

那就是我不贊成你的計劃的原因.

種類：

1.限定性定語從句：與主句關係密切,不可拿掉,否則整個句子的意思不完整.

The small town where I was born has developed into a big industrial city.

我出生的小城鎮已經發展成為一個大的工業城市.

2.非限定性定語從句：對所修飾的部分作進一步説明,拿掉之後其他部分仍然成立.

I was born in a small town, which has developed into a big industrial city.

我出生在一個小城鎮,它已經發展成了一個大的工業城市.

只用that引導的定語從句

在定語從句中,which 和that都可用來指物.一般可以互換,但下列情況只能用that 引導.1.先行詞前有 the only, any, few, little, one of , no, every, the very 等詞修飾時.

a. This is the only reason that I can give you.

這是我能給你的唯一理由.

b. There is no difficulty that can stop us from moving on .

沒什麼困難能阻止我們能繼續前進.

2.先行詞是不定代詞all, everything, anything, nothing, the one, none, few, little, much 等詞時.

c. Is there anything that I can do for you?

有什麼我可以為你效勞的事嗎?

d. This is all that I want to say.

這是我想説的一切.

3.以 which, who, what開頭的問句時.

e. Which is the pen that you father gave you ?

哪一隻是你父親給你的鋼筆?

f. Who is the girl that is reading there?

在那兒讀書的女孩是誰?

g. What have you learnt that makes you so happy?

你聽説什麼了,使你這麼高興?

4.被修飾成分作表語或關係詞本身作表語時.

h. She is not the little girl that she was ten years ago.

她不是十年前的小姑娘了.

i. China is no longer the country that it used to be.

中國不再是以前的老樣子了.

5.先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時.

j. This is the best film that I have ever seen.

這是我看過的最好的電影.

k. This is the most beautiful place that we have visited.

這是我訪問過的最美的地方.

6.先行詞被序數詞修飾時.

l. I'll never forget the first day that we spent together.

我永遠也忘不了我們在一起的第一天.

m. The last time that I met her was in 1976.

我最後一次見到她是1976年.

7.先行詞為基數詞時.

n. I've bought five books. You can still see the three that are on the desk.

我買了五本書.你仍可看到寫字枱上的三本.

8.先行詞既有人又有物時.

o. They're talking about the people and the things that they saw.

他們談論着所見到的人和事.

只用which 引導的定語從句

which 和that有時不可互換.以下情況只可用which.

1.引導非限制性定語從句.

a. He has a good knowledge of electricity, which helps him a lot in his work.

他在電學方面有良好的知識,這一點對他的工作幫助很大.

b. She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.

她對孩子非常耐心,她丈夫很少這樣.

2.使用“介詞+關係代詞”這一結構時.

c. This is the room in which I lived twenty years ago.

這是我二十年前居住過的房間.

d. This is the question about which we've had so much discussion.

這是我們以討論了多次的問題.

關係代詞“ as ”的用法

as 引起定語從句時,可以放在主語前面；不可省略；多和 such, same連用.

a. As could be expected, he was against the plan.

正如預料的那樣,他反對這個計劃.

b. Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.

你所描述的人現在已很少見了.

c. I've the same trouble as you have.

我和你有同樣的麻煩.

該用關係副詞還是關係代詞

先行詞是表示時間或地點的名詞時,並不都是用關係副詞引導,而是要看關係詞在從句中所作的成份.作狀語時,用關係副詞；作賓語時,仍然要用關係代詞.

a. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives.

她打算去青島過暑假,在那兒她有一些親戚.（作狀語）

b. This is the place which I visited last year.

這是我去年參觀過的地方.（作賓語）

c. Did you still remember the days that we spent together in Hainan?

你還記得我們在海南一起度過的日子嗎?（作賓語）

d. October 1st is the day which we Chinese people will never forget.

十月一日是我們中國人民永遠不會忘記的日子.（作賓語）

關係代詞的省略

1.在限定性賓語從句中作賓語或表語時一般都可省略：

a. Here is the man (whom) you've been looking for.

你一直在找的人在這兒.

b. He is no longer the man (that) he was.

他不再是以前的他了.

2.使用“介詞+關係代詞”結構時,不可省略：

a. This is the hospital in which I was born.

我是在這所醫院出生的.

b. The old man with whom you talked yesterday is my grandfather.

昨天和你交談的那老人是我爺爺.

3.非限定性定語從句中,賓語和表語也不可省略：

a. Tom, as everyone knows, is a bright boy.

大家都知道,湯姆是個聰明的男孩.

b. When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping..

他常常聚精會神做工作,這時他會廢寢忘食.

定語從句在句中做定語,修飾句中的某一名詞（或代詞）.

被定語從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞.

定語從句必須放在先行詞之後.

引導定語從句的關聯詞有關係代詞that（指人或物）、which（指物）、who（指人）.例如：

This is the building（that we built last year）．這就是我們去年建的樓房.

（that引導的定語從句修飾先行詞building）

The man（who is talking with a group of students）is our headteacher．

正在和一羣學生談話的那個人是我們班主任.（who引導的定語從句修飾先行詞man）

當關系代詞在定語從句中做賓語時,關係代詞常被省略去.例如：

The letter which I received yesterday was from a friend of mine．（＝The letter I received yesterday was from a friend of mine．）我昨天收到的那封信是我的朋友寄來的.

注：that引導的'定語從句,所修飾的先行詞既可指人也可指物；which引導的定語從句所修飾的先行詞一般是物.這樣that和which引導的定語從句都能修飾先行詞“物”,它們有什麼區別?分析如下：

A．在限定性定語從句中用that的情況：

1．當先行詞前有一個最高級形容詞所修飾的時候.例如：

This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen．這是我所看過的足球賽中最激烈的一場.

2．當先行詞前有一個序數詞所修飾時.例如：

The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light．你首先要做的就是熄滅燈.

3．先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代詞時.例如：

All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class．我們為學生所做的事情就是告訴他們如何在課上説英語.

I'm going to buy everything（that）I need．我要去買我所需要的一切東西.

4．當先行詞前面有only,all,any,no等詞修飾時.例如：

The only thing that he could do was to run away．他唯一要做的就是逃跑.

There are no people that things must not happen to．不碰到事故的人是沒有的.

5．先行詞為人、物共存時.例如：

We haven't met the man and his dog（that）were in the street yesterday．我們沒有遇到昨天在大街上的那個人和他的狗.

B.在定語從句中用which的情況.

1．關係代詞在介詞後面時.例如：

This is the house in which Tom once lived．這是湯姆以前住過的房子.

2．先行詞為that時.例如：

What's that which you are holding in your hands?你手裏舉的是什麼?

3．在非限定性定語從句中.例如：

Football,which is a very in teresting game,is played all over the world．世界都踢足球,這是一項有趣的活動.

All the books here,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him．

這裏所有的書都是由他寫的,書中有漂亮的插圖.