簡單句變定語從句

定語從句就是由一個句子修飾限定另一個句子的中心詞.被修飾限定的成分叫先行詞.連接主句和從句的詞叫關係代詞.

關係代詞的作用有兩點：

1 連接主句和從句

2 在從句中從句子成分,作主語時不能省略,作賓語時可以省略.

關係代詞 who,whom,whose,which,that

who

先行詞是人 + who + 動詞

The man is e.

The man has white hair.

The man who has white hair is e.

whose

先行詞是人,whose + 名詞

I have a friend.

His father is a teacher.

I have a friend whose father is a teacher.

whom

先行詞是人,whom + 及物動詞/不及物動詞 + 介詞

當介詞提前的時候,關係代詞不能省略.

The man is my uncle.

We met the man.

The man we met is my uncle.

The man whom we met is my uncle.

The man who met us is my uncle.

The man is my uncle.

I spoke to the man.

定語從句：

關係代詞

whom

先行詞是人,whom + 及物動詞/不及物動詞 + 介詞

當介詞提前的時候,關係代詞不能省略.

The man is my uncle.

I spoke to the man.

The man whom I spoke to is my uncle.

The man to whom I spoke is my uncle.

當介詞提前的時候,先行詞是物時,只能用which

I have a sister.

She lives in Paris.

I have a sister who lives in Paris.

The man who has white hair is e.

I have a friend whose father is a teacher.

I see you everyday.

I look at the blackboard everyday.

The man who we met is my uncle.

speak to sb.

I spoke to the man.

The man whom I spoke to is my uncle.

The man to whom I spoke is my uncle.

which 是指人以外的'生命或沒有生命的東西.

先行詞（物） + which + 動詞

He likes the house.

The house has a lot of windows.

He likes the house which has a lot of/many windows.

The books are on the desk.

The books are mine.

The books are on the counter.

The books which are on the counter are mine.

The dog is his.

The dog is carrying a basket.

The dog which is carrying a basket is his.

The dog carrying a basket is his.

Those men are making all that noise.

Those men are repairing the road.

Those men who are repairing the road are making all that noise.

Those men repairing the road are making all that noise.

語法講解

He is the came here last

He is the man who came here last week.

She is the woman.I served the woman

She is the woman who I served yesterday.

He likes the house which has many windows.

當先行詞是物時,後邊是h後有兩種情況.

1 主語 + 及物動詞.

2 主語 + 不及物動詞 + 介詞.

This is the letter.I received the letter letter/ which

This is the letter which I received yesterday.

I like the lives in the house/ which

I like the house which he lives in.(which可以省略）

I like the house in which he lives.（which不可以省略）

That is the boy.I talked about the boy last boy/who/whom

That is the boy who/whom I talked about/told you about last week.

That is the boy about whom I told you last week.

當先行詞是人時,後邊是who/that

當先行詞是人且人做賓語時,後邊是who/whom/that

1 在從句的情況下,人作主語,後邊是及物動詞或不及物動詞加介詞,這樣的情況下,關係代詞可以省略.

2 如果介詞提前了,介詞後只能加whom

當先行詞是物時,後邊是which/that,如果從句是進行時態,which和be動詞都可以省略.

當先行詞是物時,關係代詞是which/that,後邊是人或物都可,後邊接及物動詞或不及物動詞加介詞,which/that 作賓語,則可以省略

如果是不及物動詞加介詞情況下,把介詞提前,只能用which.

當先行詞是人和動詞時,後邊是that

I saw a boy and his dog were walking in the park.

I saw a boy and his dog that were walking in the park.

當先行詞前由序數詞、最高級以及the only,the very,the same,all所修飾,或先行詞為nothing,anything,everything 等不定代詞時,後邊的關係代詞只能是that.

以who/what/which開頭的疑問句,後邊的關係代詞只能是that.