英語語法中的重點難點

導語：英語的語法很複雜，有很多知識點是很難掌握的，下面是YJBYS小編收集整理的英語語法中的重點難點，歡迎參考!

　　主謂一致常考難題：

1. Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.

Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.

More than one student has seen the film.

Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.

More members than one are against your plan.

一些有兩個部分構成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語時, 謂語通常用複數形式：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。

但如果主語用a kind of , a pair of , a series of等加名詞構成時, 謂語動詞一般用單數形式。A pair of shoes was on the desk.

並列主語如果指的是同一個人、同一事物或同一概念時, 謂語動詞用單數形式, 這時and後面的名詞沒有冠詞。例如:

Truth and honesty is the best policy.

The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor.

To love and to be loved is the great happiness.

Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

A knife and fork is on the table.

當主語後面跟有as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引導的詞組時, 其謂語動詞的單、複數按主語的單、複數而定。例如:

The teacher as well as the students was excited.

The room with its furniture was rented.

2. A (great) number of修飾可數複數名詞, 謂語動詞用複數; a great deal of,a large amount of 修飾不可數名詞, 其短語作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數。

3. 關係代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中作主語時, 其謂語動詞的數應與句中先行詞的數一致。例如:

Those who want to go please sign your names here.

Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.

4. 季節、月份、星期、節日、假日、一日三餐、學科名稱，球類、棋類名詞名稱前一般不加冠詞。

1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter

5. 形容詞的順序：

系動詞be，grow，get，become，feel，appear，prove，seem，look，keep，smell，taste，sound，turn，remain限定詞+數量形容詞(序數詞在前，基數詞在後)+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+新舊+顏色+國藉+材料

Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table

6. 某些以a-開首的形容詞例如：afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake, alive 等只能作表語,不能作定語。

某些以-ly結尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞：friendly，lively， lovely，lonely，likely，deadly，silly，orderly, timely等。

,badly worse worst little less least表示一方不及另一方時，用“less+原級+than”的結構表示：This room is less beautiful than that one.

表示一方超過另一方的程度或數量時，可在比較級前加表示程度的狀語，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far, yet, by far等修飾：He works even harder than before.

注意:by far 通常用於強調最高級。用於比較級時,一般放在比較級的後面, 如放在前面,應在二者中間加“the”。He is taller by far than his brother.

He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

某些以-or結尾的形容詞進行比較時，用to代替than。superior，junior，senior等。He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.

在比較從句中為了避免重複通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出現的名詞。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可數名詞單數和不可數名詞，而one只能代替可數名詞。例如：

The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.

A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.

8. 表示倍數的比較級有如下幾種句型:

A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.

The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.

這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]

A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.

Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。

A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.

例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.

你們的學校比我們的學校大三倍。表示兩倍可以用 twice 或 double。

9. 表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，沒有最高級，也不能用比較級。

如果複數名詞前有many、few，不可數名詞前有much、little等表示量的形容詞時，該用so而不用such。如：

I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.

Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body andsoul together.

但little不表示數量而表示“小”的意思時,仍用such。如:

They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.

10. almost與nearly

在very, pretty, not後用nearly, 不用almost。例如：I'm not nearly ready.

在any, no, none, never前用almost, 不用nearly。例如：I almost never see her.

11. need 表示“需要”或“必須”,作情態動詞時,僅用於否定句或疑問句中。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should 代替。例如：

You needn't come so early.

Need I finish the work today? --Yes, you must.

注意：needn't have done“表示本來不必做某事而實際上做了某事”。例如：You needn't have waited for me.

“should have done”表示應該做到而實際上沒有做到。

You should have started earlier.

“ought to have done”表示過去應做某事而實際未做。

You ought to have helped him (but you didn't)

書報的標題,小説等情節介紹常用一般現在時。

表示感覺,願望和狀態的某些動詞如have, be, hear, see, like等詞一般不用進行時。

有些動詞形式上是主動結構,但表示被動的意思。常見的有可和 well, easily 等副詞連用的不及物動詞sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook等。例如：

The cloth washes well.這布很經洗。

The new product sells well.這新產品很暢銷。

The pen writes well.這支筆很好寫。

在動詞 arrange,command, demand, desire,insist, order,propose, request, require, suggest等後面的賓語從句中用“(should)+ 動詞原形”(虛擬語氣)例如：

We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.

We insisted that they (should) go with us.

The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.

He demanded that we (should) start right away.

作advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request等名詞的表語從句和同位語從句,其謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣的.結構“(should)+動詞原形”。例如：We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.

My idea is that we (should) do exercises first.

在feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等詞後的補足語中,不定式不帶to。但是這些句子如果變成被動結構時,就必須帶to。例如：I often hear him sing the song.

He is often heard to sing the song.

注意：不定式動詞在介詞but, except, besides後面時,如果這些介詞之前有行

為動詞do的各種形式,那麼,這些介詞後的不定式不帶to,否則要帶to.如：

She could do nothing but cry.

What do you like to do besides swim?

I have no choice but to go.

作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等,不定式後面須有相應的介詞。例如：He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about.

Please give me a knife to cut with.

There / It is no use/ good/ not any use/ good/ useless doing sth.