大學英語四級語法考點解析（下）

語法一直是大學英語考試中同學們的攔路虎，同學們可以和小編一起看看大學英語語法考點解析，以提高語法的答題能力!

　　大學英語四級語法考點解析六：不定式

1) It was a great achievement _______________(10個月建成一棟24層的樓).

2) It is necessary _______________(我們在考試前好好地睡一晚上覺).

3) It is generous _______________(你把這麼多錢捐給災區人民).

4) The teacher decided _______________(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學生).

5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法國的兒子).

6) The gardener _______________(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).

7) We _______________(請他給我們做有關現代藝術的講座).

8) He feels it challenging _______________(在這麼大一所大學做學生會主席).

9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我們在課堂上學到的東西應用於實踐).

10) The bad weather _______________(破壞了我們在露天放電影的計劃).

答案分析：

1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months

(考點：不定式作主語時常用it作形式主語放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語後面)

2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test

(考點：有時用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是事情，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等)

3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area

(考點：有時用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的'對象是人，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等)

4) not to punish those students who had been late for class

(考點：1. 用不定式結構作decide的賓語;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not)

(能帶不定式作賓語的動詞常見的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish)

5) whether to visit their son in France

　大學英語四級語法考點解析七：動名詞

1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.

2) They tried to avoid _______________(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).

3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我們的產品進入國際市場).

4) It is no use _______________(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).

5) He denied______________(偷看了同桌的試卷).[外語@教育網]

6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升為經理).

答案分析：

1) Taking a cold bath every day (考點：動名詞作主語)

2) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do (考點：動名詞作動詞的賓語)

(下列動詞後的賓語只能是動名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest)

3) getting our goods into the international market (考點：動名詞作介詞的賓語)

4) crying over spilled milk

(考點：動名詞用於固定結構。動名詞經常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of)

5) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper (考點：動名詞的完成式)

6) being promoted to manager (考點：動名詞的被動式)

(考點：“疑問詞+不定式”作動詞wonder的賓語。能以這種結構作賓語的動詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等)

6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon (考點：不定式作賓語補語)

7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art (考點：同上)

(能帶不定式結構作賓語補語的動詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線的動詞後面的不定式不帶to)

8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university

(考點：動詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語，不定式是真正賓語)

9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice (考點：不定式作定語)

(不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等)

10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考點：同上)

　大學英語四級語法考點解析八：分詞

1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利語唱“祝你生日快樂”).

2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.

3) The war went on for years, _______________(奪去了成千上萬人的生命).

4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(將平均產量提高了15%).

5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推導出它的運轉原理).

6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精會神地看書), we stopped talking and began to study.

7) _______________(被這個男孩的事蹟深深打動了), they decided to pay for his education.

8) _______________(從一個年輕朋友的眼光來看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.

9) _______________(好久沒有收到父母的來信了), he was worried about them.

答案分析：

1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian (考點：分詞作賓語補語)

(catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動詞常用分詞形式作賓語補語)

2) parked in the fire lane (考點：分詞作定語)

3) killing thousands upon thousands of people (考點：分詞作結果狀語)

4) raising the average yield by 15 percent (考點：同上)

5) trying to deduce its operating principle (考點：分詞作伴隨狀語)

6) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book (考點：分詞作原因狀語)

7) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds (考點：同上)

8) Seen from the eyes of a young friend (考點：分詞作方式狀語)

9) Not having heard from his parents for a long time

(考點：1. 分詞作原因狀語;2.分詞的否定形式;3.現在分詞的完成式)

　大學英語四級語法考點解析九：非謂語動詞用法區別

1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).

2) John meant _______________(開車去那兒，但他的車出了故障).

3) I heard him ____________(在跟他的母親談話).

4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母親談了一個小時).

5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(結果卻摔斷了自己的腿).

6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔斷了雙腿).

7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).

8) _______________(看到父母安然無恙), he issued a sigh of relief.

9) _______________(跟隨着它的腳印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.

10) The pop, _______________(後面跟着兩個保鏢), came to meet his fans.

答案分析：

1) working very hard. (考點：mean表示“意味着”)

2) to drive there, but his car broke down (考點：mean表示“打算”)

(類似需要區別的動詞還有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等)

3) talking to his mother (考點：強調正在進行)

4) talk to his mother for an hour (考點：強調整個過程)

5) only to break his own leg (考點：意料之外的結果)

6) breaking his legs (考點：意料之中的結果)

7) to see his parents in good health (考點：不定式作原因狀語位於句末)

8) Seeing his parents safe and sound (考點：分詞作原因狀語位於句首)

9) Following its footprints (考點：現在分詞強調主動)

10) followed by two body guards (考點：過去分詞強調被動)

　　大學英語四級語法考點解析十：名詞從句

1) _______________(他們為什麼離開家鄉去雲南) is still a secret.

2) _______________(最讓我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.

3) _______________(這麼做是故意的) became obvious.

4) It is not clear yet _______________(誰應該為這件事負責).

5) It is none of your business _______________(瑪麗與誰訂婚).

6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).

7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在尋找的).

8) It is not yet known _______________(機器人是否有一天能擁有象人一樣的視力).

9) _______________(她是否喜歡那個禮物) is not clear to me.

10) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否應該請求另一筆貸款).

11) It all depends on _______________(他們是否會支持我們).

12) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).

13) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什麼事來提高他們工資).

14) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席會同意他的提議).

答案分析：

1) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan (考點：主語從句)

2) What confused me most (考點：同上)

3) That this was done on purpose (考點：同上)

4) who should be responsible for this matter (考點：較長的主語從句可以後置，用it作形式主語)

5) whom Mary is engaged to (考點：同上)

6) what can be done today (考點：賓語從句)

7) what I have been looking for (考點：表語從句)

8) whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision(考點：whether/if引導後置的主語從句)

9) Whether she likes the present (考點：whether引導前置的主語從句)

10) whether I should ask for another loan (考點：whether引導表語從句)

11) whether they will support us (考點：whether引導賓語從句)

12) whether I can count on your vote (考點：whether引導同位語從句)

(9-12中的whether不可以替換為if)

13) that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages (考點：同位語從句)

14) that the chairman would agree to this proposal (考點：同上)