杭州共享單車的利與弊

小黃車、小橙車、小藍車……短短几個月，共享單車如雨後春筍般湧現在城市的街道上。在多種共享單車投放市場的情況下，只選擇其中一種，還是很難滿足需要，只能採取多選的方式。這就是，註冊多家，使用多家，遇到哪家的就騎哪家的。代價是，交各家的押金。不過共享單車以其低價、便捷、簡單的使用優勢，迅速贏得廣大消費者的青睞。

Shared cycling to consumers, however, brings new consumption experience at the same time, also gradually exposed its due to lack of Shared consciousness of management, parking and supporting services, and problems, some phenomenon of infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of consumers, bring many problems to urban management and protection of the rights and interests of consumers.

In hangzhou, for example, the city with the most developed public bike systems in the country has received ofo, riding bai, harrow, xiao Ming and other enterprises with nearly 150,000 vehicles. In addition to riding, other enterprises will put the addition code as the choice. Zhang heng, the marketing director of xiaofeng, said it was adding hundreds of vehicles a day to hangzhou.

Nationwide, this year's blowout is also a big probability event. There were estimates that only moby and ofo companies could put together nearly 20 million vehicles. The competition has raised questions about how much of a bike we need to share.

Industry insiders say there is a rough algorithm for market capacity, which means that one bike for every 20 to 30 people is needed. "It will be enough for China to reach 30 million vehicles," lu said. "now it is only the daily production of mobib and ofo, plus the 1 million that have already been invested, and the market will be saturated in almost half a year."

Behind the problem, it reflects concerns about the potential waste of resources. Some are optimistic, some worry.

When a city suddenly bursts out of more than 100,000 bikes, it does test the city's capacity. The appearance of them is known as a mirror of the city, not only reflect the cyclist's personal accomplishment, the degree of civilization, reflect the various bicycle company technical loopholes and defects of administration, also as a city of the administrative departments for public resources coordination, both to ensure that one can stop, motor vehicles and to ensure the non-motor vehicles have a way to go, coordinate is testing the government related department and each traffic participants.

Although the emergence of the Shared cycling solves the residents travel "the last kilometer" problem, but also because of the green environmental protection, efficient, low-cost health was welcomed by the consumers, but there are still insufficient regulation laws and regulations, the operator should do responsibility performance does not reach the designated position, loss of consumer not enough self-discipline, municipal supporting, the social from all walks of life sharing consciousness is not strong and so on "five big crux problem", form the resistance of the development of the industry. Especially in the aspect of management, on the property security, the right of the consumer right of personal security, fair trading right, right, right of information security, and so on and so forth, and hidden trouble, directly affect the protection of consumer rights and interests.

For management, the bicycle company also expressed its expectations. "As the new thing must be developed to make it, to see if it is really beneficial to the society. We also hope to communicate with the government, everybody together consultation. We will do self management, strictly carry out, want the government to encourage support." "Said tang jie, CEO of cloud riding.

然而，共享單車給消費者帶來全新消費體驗的同時，也逐步暴露出其由於共享意識缺乏而導致的管理、停放、服務、配套等方面的問題，出現一些侵害消費者合法權益的現象，給城市管理及消費者權益保護帶來不少難題。

以杭州為例，這座有着全國最發達公共自行車系統的城市已迎來ofo、騎唄、哈羅、小鳴等企業，投放總量近15萬輛。除騎唄外，其他企業無不將投放加碼作為選擇。小鳴單車市場總監張恆公開表示，其在杭投放量每天以幾百輛速度增加。

放眼全國，今年投放量"井噴"也是大概率事件。曾有估算，僅摩拜和ofo兩家企業，投放總量極有可能接近2000萬輛。這場競爭不免讓許多人心生疑問，"我們究竟需要多少共享單車?"

有行業人士透露，業內對於市場容量有一個粗略算法，即每20到30人就需要一輛共享單車。呂城江説:"中國大概到3000萬輛車的量就足夠了。現在只算摩拜和ofo的日產量，加上前面已投的百萬輛，差不多再過半年市場就要飽和。"

該問題背後，反映的是外界對其可能造成的資源浪費的關注。對此有人樂觀，有人擔憂。

當一座城市猛然冒出10餘萬輛共享單車，的'確考驗着這座城市的承載能力。它們的出現被稱為城市裏的一面鏡子，既照出了騎車人的個人素養、文明程度，照出了各家單車公司技術上的漏洞、管理上的缺陷，還照出了一座城市各個管理部門對於公共資源的協調能力，既要保證機動車有位可停，又要保證非機動車有路可走，協調起來的確考驗着政府相關部門以及每一名交通參與者。

雖然共享單車的出現解決了居民出行“最後一公里”的問題，同時也因綠色環保、高效便捷、低價健康受到了消費者的歡迎，但仍存在法律法規規制不足、經營者應盡責任履行不到位、消費者自律不夠、市政配套缺失、社會各界共享意識不強等“五大症結問題”，形成行業發展的阻力。特別在經營方面，存在涉嫌侵害消費者財產安全權、人身安全權、公平交易權、知情權、信息安全權等情況和隱患，直接影響消費者權益的保護。

對於管理，共享單車企業也表達了其期望。"為新生事物一定是讓它發展起來，才能看到它是不是是真的對社會有益。我們也希望跟政府去溝通，大家一起協商起來。我們企業會做好自我管理，嚴格執行，希望政府能夠鼓勵支持。"雲騎天下CEO唐傑説。