託福TPO17綜合寫作範文及材料原文

新託福TPO17綜合寫作閲讀材料就鳥類的減少列舉出了幾個原因，聽力材料就這些原因一一進行了反駁，要求大家根據材料寫一篇作文。下面是小編整理的材料原文和作文範文，歡迎閲讀!

　　新託福TPO17綜合寫作範文：

The reading and listening materials have a conflict of opinions about the birds' population in US. The writer believes that it will continue to shrink, which is contradicted by the following lecture.

First, the writer claims that the increasing humans' population will lead to the disappearance of birds' habitats while the speaker views this issue from an opposite angle. According to her, although the urban development is harmful to some types of birds, it provides larger and better protection for other species. For example, the number of some birds like seagulls and pigeons grow in suburbs.

Secondly, the author states that the agricultural activities will have destructive impacts on birds' habitats. However, the lecture opposes this claim by saying that the land used for agriculture is decreasing every year. It is because more productive crops have been invented and more crops will be harvested in unit land. Thus there is no need to destroy the wilderness area.

Lastly, the passage argues that the pesticides will contaminate the birds' food and water, killing more birds. By contrast, in accordance with the professor, this viewpoint does not hold water. The reason is that much less poisoned/toxic pesticides and the genetically pest-resistant crops are developed, which don't harm birds at all.

　　新託福TPO17綜合寫作閲讀材料：

In the past century, the steady growth of the human population and the corresponding increasing in agriculture and pesticide use have caused much harm to wildlife in the United States – birds in particular. Unfortunately for birds, these trends are likely to continue, with the result that the number of birds in the United States will necessarily decline.

在過去的一個世界，人類數量的增加以及隨之而來的農業生產的發展和殺蟲劑的增加使得很多美國的野生動物受到了影響，而這種問題在鳥類上表現得更為明顯。更加不幸的是，由於人口數量、農業生產和殺蟲劑使用的趨勢不會改變，美國的鳥類數量將會必然地隨之下降。

First, as human populations and settlements continue to expand, birds’ natural habitats will continue to disappear. Forests, wetlands, and grasslands will give way to ever more homes, malls, and offices. As the traditional areas suitable for birds keep decreasing, so will the size of the birds’ populations that depend on those vanishing habitats.

首先，隨着人口數量和居住面積的不斷擴張，鳥類天然的棲息地持續地減少。森林、濕地和草原都變成的住宅、商場和寫字樓。隨着那些傳統的適宜鳥類棲息的地方持續減少，失去賴以生存棲息地的鳥類，數量自然是減少的。

Second, agricultural activities must increase to keep pace with the growing human population. The growth of agriculture will also result in the further destruction of bird habitats as more and more wilderness areas are converted to agricultural use. As a result, bird populations in rural areas will continue to decline.

第二，為了能夠滿足增長的人口數量，農業活動也必須隨之增加。農業的增加的代價是進一步破壞鳥類的棲息地，越來越多的荒地變成了農業用地。因而，鳥類在鄉村的數量也隨之持續減少。

Third, as human settlements expand and agriculture increases, the use of chemical pesticides will also increase. Pesticides are poisons designed to kill agricultural and home garden pests, such as insects, but inevitable, pesticides get into the water and into the food chain for birds where they can harm birds. Birds that eat the poisoned insects or drink contaminated water can die as a result, and even if pesticides do not kill birds outright, they can prevent them from reproducing successfully. So, pesticides have significantly contributed to declines in bird population, and because there will continue to be a need to control agricultural pests in the future, this decline will continue.

第三，隨着人類居住地的擴展和農業的發展，化學農藥的使用也增加了。農藥是用來殺死諸如昆蟲之類的生長在農田或者菜園的害蟲的有毒物質。不可避免的是，這些農藥會進入水系和食物鏈，進而傷害鳥類。鳥類會吃被毒死的昆蟲或者喝污染了的水。這樣會導致鳥類的死亡，即便不會不會導致鳥類的立刻死亡，也會影響鳥類的繁殖。所以，殺蟲劑會對鳥類的數量有非常嚴重的影響。同時，因為即便是在將來，還是需要殺蟲劑來控制農業害蟲，所以，鳥類數量減少的趨勢難以改變。

　　新託福TPO17綜合寫作聽力材料：

The passage claims that there will be fewer and fewer birds, but the arguments used to support this claim are unconvincing.

閲讀文章聲稱鳥類的數量會越來越小，但是所使用的理由都是沒有説服力的。

First, it’s true that urban growth has been bad for some types of birds, but urban development actually provides better and larger habitats for other types. So much so, that city and suburban dwellers often complain about increased bird populations – seagulls at landfills, pigeons on the streets and so on. Even birds like hawks and falcons can now be found in cities, where they prey on the increasing populations of pigeons and rodents. So, it’s not going to be a story of uniform decline of bird populations in the future. Some populations may shrink, but others will grow.

首先，確實城市的發展對於一些鳥類是不利的，但是城市的發展事實上也為其他的鳥類提供了更大更好的棲息地。這樣發展，城市的居民常常抱怨鳥類數量過多：堆填區的海鷗，大街上的鴿子，等等等等。甚至那些不常出現在城市裏的.鳥類，比如鷹類也出現在城市，這是因為他們可以捕捉數量不斷增加的鴿子和齧齒類動物。所以，將來不會是所有鳥類的數量都在減少。有一些的數量在減少，但是其他的在增加。

As for agriculture, it’s true that it too will increase in the future, but not in the way assumed by the reading passage. The truth is, in the United States, less and less land is being used for agriculture every year. Increases in agricultural production have resulted from and will continue to result from the introduction of new, more productive varieties of crops. These new crops produce more food per unit of land, and as a result, there’s no need to destroy wilderness areas.

對於農業來説，確實需求會越來越大，但是農業的增長並不是以閲讀所提及的方式實現的。在美國，實際上用在農業領域的土地每年都在減少。農產品產量的增加是因為引進了新的、產量更高的農作物品種，而這種趨勢將會持續。這些新的農作物有更高的畝產量，因而，就沒有必要破壞原有荒地用作農耕了。

And third, while it’s certainly true that traditional pesticides have been destructive to birds, it’s incorrect to project this history into the future. Now that, people are aware of the possible consequences of traditional pesticides, two changes have occurred. First, new and much less toxic pesticides have been developed, and that’s important. Second, and perhaps more importantly, there is a growing trend to develop more pest resistant crops, crops that are genetically designed to be unattractive to pests. Pest resistant crops greatly reduce the need for chemical pesticides, and best of all, pest resistant crops don’t harm birds at all.

第三，儘管傳統的殺蟲劑的確會給鳥類帶來損害，但是用過去推測未來的想法是站不住腳的。現在人們已經意識到了傳統殺蟲劑可能帶來的危害，因而採取了兩個措施。首先，已經研究出了新型的、毒性更小的殺蟲劑，這是很重要的一個改變。而第二點可能是更為重要的，就是現在正在研究能夠抵抗蟲害的作物。通過設計，使得農作物在基因上具有不吸引害蟲的能力。抗蟲害作物能夠極大的減少對化學殺蟲劑的需求。更為重要的是，抗蟲害作物對鳥類是完全無害的。