託福詞彙語法練習試題

目標既定，在學習和實踐過程中無論遇到什麼困難、曲折都不灰心喪氣，不輕易改變自己決定的目標，而努力不懈地去學習和奮鬥，如此才會有所成就，而達到自己的目的。下面是小編為大家搜索整理的託福詞彙語法練習試題，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!

　　練習題一

1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.

A. in disease

B. that disease

C. of disease

D. about disease

答案：B

分析：動詞believe 的用法：直接加that引導的賓語從句。這裏that為連接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其後接完整句。

參考譯文：大多數殖民時期的醫生認為疾病來源人體內不平衡的體液。

2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.

A. she was the first woman to conduct

B. the first woman conductor

C. the woman was first conducting

D. the woman conducts first

答案：B

分析：缺賓語，答案中只有B，D可以作賓語，但D的語序不對。

參考譯文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成為在第一個在紐約Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。

補充：常考 the first/second/… one to do sth

3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City's Metropolitan Opera House.

A. the first African American

B. the first African American was

C. she was the first African American

D. when the first African American

答案：A

分析：缺賓語，C， D都不能作賓語。一句話中只能有一個謂語，而B中有was，句中出現兩個謂語，一定錯。

參考譯文：1955年1月7號，Marian Anderson成為在第一個在紐約Metropolitan Opera House擔任主唱的美籍黑人。

4. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States， _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.

A. and accelerated a phenomenon

B. a phenomenon that accelerated

C. accelerating a phenomenon which，

D. the acceleration of which phenomenon

答案：B

分析：考的是同位語結構，a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States 的.同位語。A中and為conj.，後面應該連接一個完整的句子，但缺主語，錯;C中語序混亂，錯; D中of which作為介詞賓語，後面應該接一個完整句，但只有一個phenomenon主語，句子不完整，錯。

參考譯文：可能戰後最重大的趨勢就是美國城市的分散化，當大規模高速公路建設項目容許了更大程度的發展郊區，這個現象更被促進了。

補充： accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接賓語

5. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President.

A. he became

B. when becoming

C. became

D. did he become

答案：A

分析：before為狀語從句引導詞conj，後面一般引導一個完整的句子托福考試詞彙語法練習題托福考試詞彙語法練習題。B同時出現兩個狀語從句引導詞，錯;C缺主語;D應該為正常語序，選項中使用了倒裝句式，錯。

參考譯文：里根在成為美國總統之前連續兩屆擔任加州的州長。

練習題二

1. _________， domesticated grapes grow in clusters， range in color from pale green to black， and contain sugar in varying quantities.

A. Their botanical classification as berries

B. Although their botanical classification as berries

C. Because berries being their botanical classification

D. Classified botanically as berries

答案：D

分析：句子的主語是grapes ，後面是平行結構grow…， range…， and contain…。空格後的句子已完整，那麼空格處就應該是同位語，狀語從句，分詞等修飾成分。A中Their指代不明，而且classification和berries也不相符，錯;B中Although為conj.，後面應該是完整句，錯;C中Because為conj.，後面應該是完整句，錯。

參考譯文：培植的葡萄的植物分類跟漿果是一樣的，它們成串的長在樹上，顏色從灰白色到黑色，並且包含由不同數量的糖份。

2. The cymbal is ________ in the military band and is also frequently used in modern orchestral music.

A. a basic instrument

B. basic instrument

C. how basic an instrument it is

D. as an instrument is basic

答案：A

分析：instrument可數，前面應該有限定詞前為一簡單句。

參考譯文：鐃鈸在軍樂隊裏是一個基本的樂器，而且還經常在現代管絃樂裏使用。

3. In instrumentalist philosophy， ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes： they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience.

A. as they are

B. are they

C. there are

D. are

答案：A

分析：兩個謂語需要有一個conj.來連接。一個句子中出現2個謂語且沒有連接詞就一定錯。

參考譯文：在樂器演奏家的哲學裏面，思想和知識是專有排外性的功能性的過程。他們的重要意義僅限於在經驗發展的過程中，用於樂器演奏。

4. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen， and most do both.

A. Working fire extinguishers

B. Fire extinguishers that work

C. Fire extinguishers work

D. The work of fire extinguishers

答案：C

分析：空格中缺主謂。A中沒有謂語;B中that多餘，因為句中只有一個謂語;D也沒有謂語。

參考譯文：滅火器的通過冷卻或者減少火中的氧氣的方法工作的，大多數時候兩個方法都會用到。

5. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.

A. to purchase their own automobiles

B. their own to purchase automobiles

C. to their own purchase automobiles

D. own their automobiles to purchase

答案：A

分析：為固定結構enable sb to do sth.

參考譯文：規模生產方法的產生，使得人們能夠買自己的車，並獲得了空前的靈活性。

練習題三

1. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.

A. the first female member

B. was the first female member

C. the first female member who

D. of whom the first female member

答案：A

分析：主語同位語結構。B中多了一個謂語was，因為後面已經有一個謂語動詞served，一個句子中出現2個謂語且沒有連接詞就一定錯; C中who多餘，用法也不正確;D中of whom多餘，不是定語從句，考的是同位語結構。

參考譯文：Frances Perkins，是美國內閣的第一為女性成員，她從1933到1945年在內閣擔任勞工部祕書。

2. When _________ to dough and heated， carbon dioxide is released， causing the dough to rise.

A. is added baking powder

B. added baking powder is

C. is baking powder added

D. baking powder is added

答案：D

分析：When為狀語從句引導詞;語序應該為正常語序，A，C錯;B語序混亂，明顯應該用被動形式，而且有固定結構add to.

參考譯文：當把烘烤用粉加到麪糰里加熱的時候，會釋放出二氧化碳，使得麪糰漲開。

3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geneticists use the theory of probability.

A. The calculation of

B. To calculate

C. Is calculating

D. Calculated

答案：B

分析：to calculate，這裏用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的邏輯主語是geneticists，只有B符合要求;A中只有主語，句子不完整托福考試詞彙語法練習題託福(TOEFL)。

參考譯文：遺傳學家運用概率的理論來計算在後代中擁有相似特點個體佔有的百分比

WiseMedia

補充：如同A的形式，逗號前面就是一個名詞短語，然而正確的句子裏，名詞短語要麼作為主語的同位語，要麼本身是主語，如11題。否則就是脱離句子成分，成為錯誤。

4. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements， where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts， rather than on improvisation.

A. is more

B. whenever more

C. there is more

D. more

答案：C

分析：where引導狀語從句，後面缺主謂。

參考譯文：大型樂隊爵士依賴於固定的安排，其中演奏相同部分音樂的樂器超過一個，而不是現聲發揮。

5. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.

A. them

B. so that

C. those

D. their

答案：D

分析：those是泛指，這裏應該用their來特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae.

參考譯文：因為海藻們的不同特性，植物學家把他們分成7個不同的組別或分支。

練習題四

1. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

The words "exposed to" in line 19 are closest in meaning to

(A) hardened by

(B) chilled with

(D) deprived of

2. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

The word "induced" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) joined

(B) missed

(D) lost

3. The best-known specimens are the remarkable tracks discovered at Lactoli, Tanzania, by Mary Leakey.

The word "remarkable" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) extraordinary

(B) enormous

(D) orderly

4. The pressures exerted along the foot, together with the length of stride, which averaged 87 centimeters, indicated that the hominids had been walking slowly. In short, all the detectable morphological features implied that the feet that left the footprints were very little different from those of contemporary humans.

The word "exerted" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) influenced

(B) applied

(D) lessened

5. The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods. Hundreds of prints are known, for example, in French caves dating from the end of the last ice age, approximately 10, 000 years ago.

The word "restricted" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) limited

(B) improved

(D) succeeded

6. The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existence of other organisms.

The word "intricate" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) difficult

(B) widespread

(D) complex

7. A multitude of microorganisms (including viruses and bacteria) and an army of invertebrates ---

The expression "an army" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) an illness

(B) an attack

(D) a distinct type

8. Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites. Although these mechanisms vary considerably, all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of "foreign" cells.

The word "vary" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) differ

(B) endure