英語例證題閲讀技巧

英語閲讀中的題型分為九大類：例證題，指代題，詞彙題，句子理解題，推理題，主旨題，作者態度題，判斷題以及細節題。小編整理了英語例證題閲讀技巧，歡迎欣賞與借鑑。

　　例證題

1． 標誌：case,example,illustrate,demonstrate,exemplify

2． 解題的關鍵：不在於是否看懂例子，而在於例子所支持的論點。

3． 具體做題方法：返回原文，定位該例子，然後80%向上20%向下搜索該例子所支持的論點。然後在四個選項中找到與觀點意思最接近的一個作為答案。。

4． 錯誤選項的設計方法：（1）列舉例子中的具體事例（2）混淆論點論據（3）列舉無關常識。

例題：

2001text2

57. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of ________.

[A] providing financial support overseas

[B] preventing foreign capital’s control

[C] building industrial infrastructure

[D] accepting foreign investment

解題三步驟：

（1）閲讀題幹，確定關鍵詞：

關鍵詞：case of the United States

（2）定位到段（文章第四段）

To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure -- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on -- were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.

（3）定位到句，同義替換，得出答案。

結合例證題的解題方法：返回原文，定位該例子，然後80%向上20%向下搜索該例子所支持的論點：

第四段的觀點句：To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States.

即：貧窮國家應該拋棄“外國資本投資是對主權的一種侵犯”的錯誤觀念。而美國基礎設施建設剛好論證了這一點。換而言之就是：應該接受外國資本的投資。即選項D.

再看下其他選項：

[A] providing financial support overseas向海外提供資金資助

【分析】偷換概念：該選項是將改段觀點中的“接受投資”改成了“向外投資”

[B] preventing foreign capital’s control防止外國資本的控制

【分析】斷章取義：文中提到foreign investment is an invasion，但這是作者建議人們應該擯棄的觀點。

[C] building industrial infrastructure建設工業基礎設施

【分析】列舉例子中的具體事例來代替觀點：這是例證題中常見的錯誤答案的設置之一，例子是為了説明觀點，而不是用例子來説明例子。

換個角度來解題：【關鍵詞+感情色彩】

觀點中的關鍵詞是：foreign investment，作者對其的感情色彩是“get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment”。在解題的時候，我們就需要找到符合這兩個條件的`選項

A：選項中沒有提到關鍵詞，也沒有包含感情色彩

B：選項中有關鍵詞“foreign capital”可以和觀點中的關鍵詞進行同義替換，滿足一項。但是對於foreign capital的情感態度卻是牴觸，消極的，因此排除。

C：選項中沒有關鍵詞，也沒有包含感情色彩。

D：有關鍵詞“foreign investment”，且對於關鍵詞的態度是“accept”和“get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices”的情感色彩一樣。可選。

　　長難句解析

To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.

1,句子主幹：some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices。

2，句子其他成分：句首不定式作目的狀語 是介詞短語作後置定語

3，固定搭配：

impoverished countries貧窮國家

get over克服，摒棄

with respect to 關於...；就...而言

4，句子切分：

To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment。

這是一個簡單句，句中也沒有從句的嵌套，因此只需要將句子細分就行：

（1）先找介詞：to,of,to,over,with,to

（2）再將句子細分：第一個介詞to ，是不定式放句首作目的狀語，可以切分。第二個介詞of，是一個a of b 的結構，而of b 比較短，不需要切分。第三個介詞to，是have to do sth可以不用切分。第四個介詞over，是固定搭配get over ，由於over後面接的成分比較長，可以切分。第五個和第六個介詞with，to,是介詞短語做後置定語，可以切分。

5，原句再現：

To take advantage of this tool,/ some impoverished countries will have to get over /their outdated anti-colonial prejudices /with respect to foreign investment。