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2018英語專四語法重點解析

2016專四專八改革,專四語言知識部分總分為20分,題量減了10 題,但分值增加了5分,對專四考生來説是件好事,分值與閲讀理解相等。考生們可以在詞彙、短語語法知識上多多練習爭取不扣分。

2018英語專四語法重點解析

從近13年的英語專四真題來 看,我們不難發現英語專業四級的語法與詞彙考題主要是圍繞11項語法要點:從屬分句、非限定動詞、虛擬語氣、情態動詞、限定詞、句子成分、倒裝、動詞時 態、附加成分和強調句型。而考試的重點和難點則集中在考核考生對從屬分句、非限定性動詞、虛擬語氣、情態動詞和動詞時態等語法的應用上。

內容

引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有because(因為), as(由於), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由於,鑑於), considering (that)(考慮到), given (that) (考慮到)等。

一、引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有because,for,in that,for the reason that;as,seeing (that), seeing as;since;now (that); considering (that)等:The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因為洗滌的方法不好而縮水。I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由於外面聲音嘈雜我睡不着。Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由於我們沒錢,我們不能購買它。Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外邊在下雨,我們最好待在室內。Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然來了,最好還是留下吧(既來之,則安之)。【注】除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的'引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外,when有時也可引導原因狀語從句(when表示“既然”)I won’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想聽,那我就不告訴你了。

二、關於not…because結構該結構中的否定詞有時否定主句,有時否定從句,一般要根據句子的意思作出正確或合乎邏輯的理解。若not否定主句,最好在because之前用逗號,否則會引起歧義,如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋:I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我沒有去是因為怕。/ 我不是因為怕才去的。不過若because之前有just修飾,一般認為not 是否定從句的:You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因為有人説你壞話而生氣。

三、because不能與so連用漢語習慣上説“因為…所以…”,但英語習慣上卻不能將 so與because 連用:因為下雨,所以我們得呆在家裏。正:Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.誤:Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

四、because從句與 because of短語的轉換Because引導的原因狀語從句有時可與because of 短語轉換,because of後加的原因可以為好或壞但最正規的還是because He can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能來。I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因為他妻子在那兒,我對此事隻字未提。比較:because, since, as和for1) because語勢最強,表示不知道的原因用because,即説話人認為聽話人不知道。因此because從句是全句最重要的部分,通常被放置於主語之後。 當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知,就用as或 since。I didn't go, because I was e /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2)for雖然表示原因,但因語氣比because弱得多,是可説可不説的話,只能位於主句之後。這時,for是並列連詞,如果不是因果關係,而是對前面主語內容加以解釋或推斷時,只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is must be ill, for he is absent today.