英語基本句式詳解

想要學好英語怎麼能不知道這些基本句式呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

從英語的句子結構上説，除了修飾名詞的定語和修飾動詞的狀語外，在千變萬化的句子中可歸納為五個基本句式，

1.S(主) + Vi(不及物動詞)(謂)

Time flies.

1) S + V + adverbial(狀語)

Birds sing beautifully.

2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介詞短語)

He went on holiday.

3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)

We stopped to have a rest.

4) S + Vi+ Participle (分詞)

I'll go swimming.

　2. S (主)+ Vt (及物動詞)(謂)+ O(賓)

We like English.

1) S + VT + N/Pron

I like music.

I like her.

2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式)

I want to help him.

常用於這句型的動詞有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise,

propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive

I don't know what to do.

常用於這句型的動詞有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn,

observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

4) S + VT + Gerund

I enjoy living here.

常用於這句型的動詞有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss,

practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

5) S + VT + That-clause

I don't think (that) he is right.

常用於這句型的動詞有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(覺得)

, hear(聽説), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(當心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see

(看出)，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(覺得奇怪)。

3. S (主)+ V(謂)(lv)( 系動詞)+ P(表)

We are Chinese.

除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，1)表感官的動詞，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

2) 錶轉變變化的動詞，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延續的動詞 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。

4)表瞬時的動詞 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他動詞 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,

hang等。

1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名詞/代詞)

He is a boy.

This is mine.

2) S + Lv + Adj(形容詞)

She is beautiful.

3) S + Lv + Adv (副詞)

Class is over.

4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase

He is in good health. 5) S + Lv + Participle(分詞)

He is excited.

The film is interesting.

　4. S (主)+ VT (謂)+ In O(間接 賓) + D O(直接 賓)

I give you help.

1) S + VT + N/Pron + N I sent him a book.

I bought May a book. 2) S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase

He sent a book to me.

He bought a coat for me.

間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow, bring, deny, do(帶來)， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,

pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，

save, sing, spare等。

　5. S (主)+ VT(謂)+ O(賓) + O C(賓補)

I make you clear. 1) S + VT + N/Pron + N

We named our baby Tom.

常用於這句型的動詞有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj

He painted the wall white.

常用於這句型的動詞有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,

want, wash, wipe, wish等。

3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase

She always keeps everything in good order.

4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive

I wish you to stay.

I made him work

常用於這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的'詞：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,

expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,

teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,

notice, see, watch等。

5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (分詞)

I heard my name called. I feel something moving.

常用於這句型的動詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,

observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive

He show me how to do it.

常用於這句型的動詞有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。

7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause

He told me that the film was great.

常用於這句型的動詞有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。

S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause

He asked me what he should do.

常用於這句型的動詞有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.