英語學習：句子合成法詳解

想要學好英語怎麼能不知道句子的'合成法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

兩個或兩個以上簡單句(Simple Sentence)可以合成一個較長的簡單句、並列句(Compound Sentence)或複雜句(Complex Sentence)。通過句子的合成，我們得以更清楚地看出句子間的語義關係，而且還可以使句子多樣化，增加文章的丰姿。

　現在就從三方面來看看句子合成法的問題。

　　1. 由兩三個簡單句合成一個長的簡單句。例如：

(1) John ran away. He escaped the danger.

→ Running away, John escaped the danger.

(2) The hunter took up his gun. He shot the boar.

→ The hunter took up his gun to shoot the boar.

(3) The king died. The queen heard about it. She fainted.

→ On hearing about the king's death, the queen fainted.

(4) Kelvin is my good friend. He is a strong supporter of social justice.

→ Kelvin, a strong supporter of social justice, is my good friend.

(5) The rascal kicked the cat. He kicked it on the back. He kicked it intentionally.

→ The rascal kicked the cat on the back intentionally.

2. 由兩三個簡單句合成一個並列句。例如：

(6) John was sad. He kept quiet.

→ John was sad but he kept quiet.

(7) Take the book. Leave it there.

→ Take the book or leave it there.

(8) Sean did not come to class today. He had a bad headache.

→ Sean did not come to class today, for he had a bad headache.

(9) Bruce was lying on the bed. He looked at the ceiling. He saw a lizard.

→ Lying on the bed, Bruce looked at the ceiling and saw a lizard.

3. 由兩三個簡單句合成一個複雜句。例如：

(10) Kelvin is getting rich. We know about it.

→ We know that kelvin is getting rich.

(11) I like this book. It contains many amusing stories.

→ I like this book which contains many amusing stories.

(12) Helen is sure to get her pay. It is due to her. Why does she complain?

→ Why does Helen complain since she is sure to get the pay due to her ?

(13) The woman was exhausted. She had not slept well the previous night.

→ The woman was exhausted because she had not slept well the previous night.

上面例子顯示，簡單句由“主語+謂語”(Subject + Predicate) 構成，有時還附有修飾性的短語。並列句由至少兩個地位平等的並列分句透過並列連詞 (Coordinating Conjunction)如“and, or, but, so, for”等連成。複雜句包括一個主句 (Main Clause)及至少一個從句 (Subordinate Clause)， 通過從屬連詞(Subordinating Conjunction) 如“That, since, because, when, if”等合成。從屬分句因功能不同而分成“名詞從句”(Noun Clause), “副詞從句”(Adverb Clause) 和“形容詞從句”(Adjective Clause)。

上述諸句式中，複雜句最為多采多姿，不妨多用。為了避免句子太長，難以控制，一個複雜句最好不要超過三個從句。