關於定語從句講解

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關於定語從句講解

　一．定義：

在複合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。

二．特點：

1.先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞

2. 關聯詞：

1）引出定語從句，並作從句的一個成分。可作主語、賓語、定語、狀語，作賓語可省略。

2）關聯詞包括關係代詞和關係副詞。關聯詞位於先行詞和定語從句之間。

關係代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行詞。

關係副詞：when, where, why作時間狀語。

　三．基本結構：

先行詞+關聯詞+定語從句剩餘部分

四．關係代詞的'用法：

1. that 和which

that指人或物，作主語或賓語，作賓語可省略，主語不能。

Which指物，不指人，作主語或賓語，作賓語可省略，主語不能。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.

Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?

The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.

注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介詞後面不能用that)

2.只能用that不能用which引導的定語從句：

1) 先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時，定語從句只能用that

This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.

2）先行詞被序數詞修飾時，定語從句只能用that

The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.

3）先行詞被the only，the very 或the same等修飾，定語從句只能用that引導。

It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.

Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?

This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.

4）先行詞為everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few等不定代詞時，定語從句只能用that

I want everything (that) I want.

I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.

5)先行詞被不定代詞all, any, no, every, little, much, many修飾時，只能用that

Here is all the money (that) I have.

6)先行詞是同時含有“人和物”的名詞時，定語從句只能用that

I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.

7)定語從句所修飾的詞為the one 時，定語從句用that引導

Is it the one（that）you want？

8）為了避免重複，在疑問詞who之後，用that 引導定語從句

Who is the girl that won the first place?

3. who和whom

who指人，在句中作主語和賓語，作賓語可省略。

Whom指人，在句中只能作賓語，可省略，但在介詞後面不能省略。

Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?

The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.

=The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.

　五.關係副詞的用法：

1. when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. when=on which

e 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞只有表示原因的reason一詞.

We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.

㈠．單項選擇

1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.

A. that B. who C. whom D. this

2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.

A. whom B. which C. who D. /

3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.

A. that B. whose C. which D. as

4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A. the one B. which C. who D. whom

5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A. the one B. that C. which D. /

6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.

A. which B. that C. / D. it

7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.

A. which B. in which C. that D. all

8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.

A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who

9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.

A. which B. whom C. whose D. this

10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.

A. who B. whom C. which D. /

11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.

A. whom B. who C. / D. he

13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.

A. who live next door B. which lives next door

C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door

14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.

A. which B. whom C. that D. who

15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.

A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there

16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.

A. what B. which C. as D. /

17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.

A. in that B. when C. where D. there

18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?

A. where B. in that C. that D. which

19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?

A. that B. when C. what D. on that

21. The first time ___ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958.

A. when B. where C. which D. that

22. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.

A. when B. that C. where D. in which

23. October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which

24. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?

A. which B. where C. in which D. what

25. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?

A. that B. which C. where D. the one