2017公共英語五級閲讀文章《亨利·福特》

現在介紹一個人文章有時候也會成為公共英語五級的閲讀考試內容，下面，小編為大家送上一篇介紹人的公共英語五級閲讀文章，供大家閲讀。

Henry Ford

Although Henry Ford's name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today's standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the ten-or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts.

In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.

The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced —— in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits, including sobriety, thriftiness, industriousness, and dependability. Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America.

亨利·福特

儘管亨利·福特的名字和大生產的概念相連，但他在勞工保護上得到同樣的讚譽，因為他早在1913 年便實行了用今天的標準來衡量依然是先進的標準。安全措施得到改進，日工作時間從當時普遍的 10 或 12 小時減少到 8 小時。為了適應更短的日工作時間，整個工廠從雙班變成了三班。

而且，病假和改善了的工傷醫療得以制度化。福特汽車公司是最早建立技術學校來培訓專門技工和為移民開設英語學校的工廠之一。公司甚至為僱傭殘疾人和有前科的'人而作出了一些努力。

最受廣泛稱讚的革新是實行五美元一天的最低工資。其目的是招收和留住那些最好的技工並阻礙工會的發展。福特從效率和利潤分享的角度來解釋 這項新的工資政策。他也提到這樣一個事實，他的員工可以買他們生產的汽車——這實際上 是為其產品另開闢了一個市場。為了夠資格得到最低工資，員工必須建立一個得體的家庭 並顯示出良好的個人習慣，包括節制、儉省、勤勉和可靠。雖然有人批評福特過多地干涉 了員工的私人生活，但毫無疑問，在移民們被用惡劣的方式剝削的時代，亨利·福特卻幫助了許多人在美國紮下根來。

　　附：公共英語五級閲讀技巧

一、養成二次閲讀習慣，培養邏輯推理能力

很多書上要求學生學會分析文章的結構，其實就是要求學生提高邏輯推理能力。在平時練習中，學生做完閲讀，惟一可做的就是對答案，事實上，糾正答案後對文章的再次閲讀往往至關重要。第一遍讀文章時，我們應當模擬考試的緊張氣氛，儘量高質快速。但，對完答案後，我們有充足的時間再次閲讀文章。第二次閲讀文章我們的目的不在是獲取信息，而是把握文章的佈局安排，分析作者的意圖。我們必須帶着思考再次閲讀文章，問問自己以下問題：

如果自己寫同樣題目或題材的文章，會採取何種文章佈局?如我們自己設想的佈局與作者不同，那麼具體不同之處在何處?這篇文章與以前讀過的同體裁文章相比，有何特點?

也許有人會説，這樣的訓練不就成了精讀課了嗎?如果時間允許，二次閲讀成了精讀，又有何不可?講求速度的範讀是應試而用，要想真正培養邏輯推理能力，提高閲讀水平，還非精讀不可。文章的是永遠讀不完的，如果想着去讀200篇各種模擬閲讀題，倒不如踏踏實實讀50篇歷年真題。另外，地道的文章分析多了，對自己寫文章佈局謀篇也不無好處。

二、自己學寫長句，克服長難句障礙

幾乎每一篇閲讀，總有一兩句長難句。有許多同學這樣分析那樣分析，可就分析不出什麼名堂。聽力好的同學不一定發音好，可發音好的同學一定聽力好。同樣，能寫出長難句的人當然不會怕什麼長難句。

同學們應當做的是找一本好的語法書，認認真真學習句子結構那部分。英語的句子主幹往往並不複雜，只是其粘着修飾成分過多。我們一開始應當學會如何寫出簡單的基本句型，然後再通過附加各種從句、插入語、非謂語形式，來逐步擴充句子結構。

分析長難句與擴充句子正好是反其道而行之，我們必須一步步“砍”去插入語、各種從句、非謂語形式，來獲得句子主幹。所以只要“欲簡之必先擴之”，我們與其尋求各種長難句分析法，不如先學會自己寫長句。

三、文章歸類閲讀，考前複習有奇效

閲讀文章成千上萬，如何從有限中把握規律才是關鍵。閲讀文章總是按照每套試題四篇文章分佈，於是眾多學子也就按部就班。可是如果我們把自己讀過的所有文章按照主題分類，比如分為校園類、醫學類、家庭類、環境類等等，到了考前，再按類別複習這些文章，我們不僅能系統掌握某一類別文章常用的詞彙，也能把握該類文章的結構特點和出題規律。