國中英語閲讀理解的解題技巧大綱

閲讀理解也是會考英語題的必考題目之一，本題型旨在考查學生閲讀，理解的能力，幾年來，會考英語題中的閲讀理解材料新，題材豐富，考查學生綜合推斷能力，根據語篇猜單詞意思的能力的力度加大，也考查學生關注細節的能力。下面是小編給大家準備的國中英語閲讀理解的解題技巧，一起來看一下吧!

　　一、解題思路

(一)先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶着問題看文章，這樣會心中有數，有的放矢。

(二)快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發現與問題有關的信息，如果時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時，不要忙於答題。

(三)細讀原文，捕捉相關信息詞，掌握短文細節內容。

　　這是解題的關鍵，應特別注意以下幾點：

1. 抓住四個"W"和一個"H"，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What (事件)，When(時間)，Where(地點)，Why(原因)，How(經過)劃出來。抓住了四個“W”和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。

2.抓住連接詞及起關鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進，轉折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關係，瞭解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3. 注意領會文章的寓意。

4.根據題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領會測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其餘三個答案再作推敲而浪費時間：有些略難的題，應再查閲短文(不是重讀一遍)，迅速找出依據，予以排除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

① 直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

② 歸納解題法。對於不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。

③ 綜合推理法。讀者需統觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最後歸納出正確答案。

題幹中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼時，屬於推斷概括型，考查內容着眼於全篇，考生應具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④ 捕捉關鍵詞。在閲讀時應該注意與問題相關的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。

⑤ 轉換解題法。即原文這麼説，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉換一種説法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥ 排除法。根據語言，句法結構，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排除法得出正確答案。

(四)重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最後一道題後，如果時間允許，再將原文讀一遍;用全文的主題思想統率各思考題，研究其內在聯繫和邏輯關係，目的在於對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。

　　二、題型分類

國中英語閲讀理解往往有以下三大題型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以順利做好這些題目：

(一)選擇符合文章的選項

(二)判斷正誤

(三)根據文章內容回答問題，現今該題型歸納在任務型閲讀中，此處不做詳解。

　　典型例題分析

　　(一)根據內容，從短文後每題的四個選項中選擇最佳的一項。

Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. "Through the hole(洞)in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot," said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more(再一次).

Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact, there are 260 coal(煤)fires in the world. They are harmful(有害)and dangerous. Then how to put them out?

Scientists have tried to set(放置)fire to underground coal to speed up(加速)the fires. In this way, the burning(燃燒)of underground coal would be soon finished.(被燒完)。

1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire ________.

A. at the age of seven B. seven years old

C. in the year of 1898 D. more than(超過)80 years ago

2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because ________.

A. it was in the hole B. it was very hot

C. it was orange D. it was harmful

3. How many coal fires are there in the world?

A. There's only one. B. It's hard to say.

C. There are 260. D. The article(文章)doesn't tell us.

4. What’s one of the best ways to put out(撲滅)the underground fire?

A. To cover(覆蓋)the holes with stones(石塊).

B. To speed up the fires.

C. To see the fires burning.

D. To do some experiments(試驗).

5. What is the best title(標題)for the article?

A. Watching the Underground - Fire.

B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires.

C. The Burning Earth.

D. Coal and Coal Fires.

答案分析]

1. 在文章的第一段的第一句裏可以找到依據。at the age of seven 等於when he was seven，故正確答案為 A 。

2.這一題可以在第一段裏直接找到答案，屬於直接回答題。正確答案為 B。

3.這一題可以在第二段裏直接找到答案，屬於直接回答題。正確答案為 C。

4.在文章的最後一段提到了撲滅火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃燒。正確答案為 B。

5.完成這道題需作一定的歸納，因為文章中沒有給出直接的回答。文章從Mr Brown兩次看火，然後説出地下火的危害，最後提出如何滅火的方法。文章的前兩段是給為什麼要滅火和如何滅火鋪墊，如何滅火才是文章的中心。故正確答案為 B。

　　(二)根據文章內容判斷正誤

Fred telephoned his wife. “I’ve got two free tickets for the theatre tonight,” he told her. “Meet me outside the office. We’ll have something to eat and then go on to the theatre.”

Fred’s wife was very pleased. They hadn’t been to the theatre for a long time. She met her husband as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.

At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets. “It’s very strange,” he said. “They aren’t here!” “Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets weren’t there, either.

Then Fred looked very embarrassed (尷尬). “What’s the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasn’t going home, I left it in the office!”

( ) 1. One day, Fred was given the tickets

for the theatre.

( ) 2. Fred and his wife went to the

theatre quite often.

( ) 3. Fred wanted to meet his wife in a

restaurant.

( ) 4. They reached the theatre neither

late nor early.

( ) 5. Then Fred couldn’t find his tickets and remembered what he had done with the tickets.

答案分析：

1、T 因為第一段中提到Fred told his wife

“I’ve got two free tickets…” “free” 此處是免費的意思。

2、F 第二段中提到“They hadn’t been to the theater

for a long time.”

3、F 第一段中Fred説“Meet me outside the office.”

4、T 第二段中“in time”是及時的意思。

5. T 結尾處提到的。

　　(三)閲讀下面短文，然後回答文後問題。

Taking exams always makes me about you? Here are some suggestions that my friend offers me.

Preparing for exams

The most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to ew subjects you've spent a long time on during classes，look through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework，or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few you know what to study，the next is to know how to study.

Arriving at an exam

How you arrive at an exam will decide how you take your sure to arrive：Early.

With a full stomach.

Well rested.

With all the things you will need for the exam.

Having your own exam habits

Before you begin your exam，be sure to：Set up your things close by.

Put your name and other identification information on your exam-answer sheet.

Read all the directions.

Make a brief plan about how you will divide your time between sections.

Take a few deep breaths every time you feel nervous.

If you prepare well for your exam，arrive confidently and settle in before you 't spend more time on a question that you should unless you're ahead of schedule(時間表).

根據短文內容，回答下面的問題。

is the most important before you take an exam?

_________________________________________________________

ld you arrive at an exam early or on time?

_________________________________________________________

should you do if you feel nervous just before an exam?

_________________________________________________________

would you feel if you got everything ready?

_________________________________________________________

答案分析：

know what to study 根據建議一可知，考前最重要的就是要知道學什麼。

y 根據建議二可知，考試時要提前到。

a few deep breaths 根據建議三可知，考前緊張是要深吸一口氣，能緩解緊張的心情。

ident.根據短文內容可知，一切準備就緒，你就會很自信。

　　三、題材分析

　　(一)家庭、朋友與個人情況

在會考閲讀理解中，記敍文閲讀題目的考查難度逐年增加，多使用貼近學生生活的素材，多以故事形式出現。針對這種題型主要抓四大要素，即時間、地點、人物和事件的起因、發展和結果，以及人物之間的關係，從中分析他們的思想品質、性格特徵等;理解文章大意後，找出關鍵的句子和一些與考查內容有關的問題所在，這樣，便於我們解題時“順藤摸瓜”，找出問題的答案。

這類閲讀一般是對文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的關鍵句和關鍵詞是非常重要的。

做題思路：先看清題幹，帶着問題讀文章，明確把握問題指向，避免“回視”現象，提高做題的速度。

例如：

1990 was a significant year in world February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in October，East and West Germany became one country at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was this final event we have one man to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web.

Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London， parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he grew was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science.

After graduating from Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in e he developed some of the different systems that would later become the first was HTML，the computer language used to make web second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(瀏覽器) could run on any computer and allowed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the world.

Tim knew that the more people used the Web，the more useful it would wasn't interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was were interested and the growth of the Internet began.

Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and interesting ways to use the has received many awards from governments and organizations for his is still not very interested in is why he is so admired by his students and may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name.

閲讀短文，根據短文內容選擇最佳答案。

( ) underlined word "significant" (in Paragraph 1) most probably means "_________".

nge ible rtant icult