2016年職稱英語考試概括大意專項練習及解析

以下是應屆畢業生小編為各位考生整理的2016年職稱英語綜合b級概括大意專項練習及解析，同學們在最後衝刺階段可以拿來練習，當作考前熱身。

　　第一篇

Washoe Learned American Sign Language

(1)An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.

(2)Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.

In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, "Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.

(3) However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.

He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.

(4) Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.

(5)Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-- Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

23——26概括大意

23. Paragraph 1 __________

24. Paragraph 2__________

25. Paragraph 3 __________

26. Paragraph 4 __________

A. Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowadays

B. Report about washoe's progress in learning sign language

C. General information about washoe

D. The gardeners' contributions recognized

E. Debate on chimps' intelligence

F. Washoe's love for three young chimps

27——30完成句子

27. Washoe could make signs to communicate __________.

28. Some scientists doubted __________.

29. Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language __________.

30. The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent __________.

A. if the Gardeners' argument was sound

B. because she was cleverer than other chimps

C. when she wanted to eat

D. while she was at a research center in Ellensburg

E. because she could use sign language to ask for fruits

F. while Washoe was learning sign language

　　第二篇

Hurricanes (龍捲風)

(1)Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability (不可預知) factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist (性別歧視的) nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.

(2)Hurricanes and typhoons ( 颱風) are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind." And if they are Pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind." To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.

(3)Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝結) from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator (赤道) . To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air,the kind of air that can only be found in tropical region.

(4)Scientists have determined that the beat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make sure such great energy work for us.