新sat寫作技巧

新Sat寫作現在分為三個分數，分別是Reading, Analysis, Writing，也就是“有沒有掌握中心思想”、“對作者論證過程、表達方式的分析”和“英語寫作清晰度、準確度”。下面是新Sat寫作技巧，希望能幫到大家!

　　新Sat寫作標準

2016sat發生的重大改革，新的SAT的作文變化蠻大的，基本信息如下：

1. 時長50分鐘

2. 寫作內容基於所給文章

3. 不需自己的觀點

作文部分有三個分數，分別是Reading, Analysis, Writing，也就是“有沒有掌握中心思想”、“對作者論證過程、表達方式的分析”和“英語寫作清晰度、準確度”。

每個部分拿6分是基礎，7分不錯，8分滿。

　　新Sat拿高分的技巧

　　一、手速

雖然 Essay部分時間有50分鐘，但是其中包括閲讀、構思和寫作時間，所以也是蠻緊張的。而且作文長度對分數多多少少還是有些影響的。作文一共有兩張紙，也就是四頁，建議長度方面“保三爭四”，因為得8/8/8這次長度是3頁半，而且College Board提供的滿分範文長度也近似。注意了，説的是長度，不是字數。大家把字寫大一點，詞與詞間隔多一點，作文就自動變長了。

　　二、套路

之前説了，寫作速度很重要，而套路能幫助我們有目標地閲讀、省去“構思”時間、加快寫作速度。

　　套路一：表揚作者

新SAT要我們寫所給文章的作者，是怎麼通過這樣那樣的方式證明自己的觀點/説服讀者聽眾的。

比如説文章內容是：“喝酒傷身所以應該收税”，那作文就不要寫“我覺得喝酒不傷身”、“收税也沒用”、“我覺得喝酒確實傷身”等等個人觀點，而是寫“作者論證得真好&為什麼論證得好”。

所以，可以用一些自帶評論和表揚詞彙句式：

“John effectively builds his argumentthat…”

“John skillfully develops his point that…”

　　套路二：找到並評論三方面

提高Essay這部分的效率，需要我們有備而來。

1. Example and evidence & line of reasoning.

1)觀點+例子/數據

這種是最簡單的也基本上會出現的。直接寫”In paragraph X, John’s argument that…is supported byconcrete evidence xxx…”

“Also, John’s proposal is backed up by similar/famous casestudies from…demonstrating the feasibility of his resolution.”

2)開頭舉例子/列數據

有些文章觀點還沒講，就排了一堆examples/facts/statistics。這種CJ基本直接歸到“作者見多識廣底藴深厚值得信任”一欄。

“A series of major compromises in history are listed at thebeginning of the passage to inform the audience of relevant background…”

“Knowledge of key events in the past brings credibility toJohn’s discussion of…”

“The description of the accident from an insider’s angle atthe beginning of the passage establishes John’s authority on…”

3) Line of reasoning

這個基本上是總結作者論證邏輯+邏輯如何流暢、總體多全面、論證多有力。

“After the main argument, John acknowledges the oppositeviews that…, then reinforces his point that… by pointing out the shortcomingsof…”

這裏容易犯的一個錯誤就是，我們容易總結完“作者寫了這個那個這個”之後就收筆了。這樣的話，就完全沒有evaluate作者的寫作邏輯。最重要的就是總結後的評價，也就是“好在哪裏”。

2. Vivid/Stylistic Language

這個點一定可以用，因為被拿出來當閲讀文章的作者文筆肯定不會差。

不同文章會有不同的修辭手法，重點還是在找出修辭手法後，要寫其“好在哪裏”，是 “to impress the audience by drawing a vivid picture of theaftermath of…”，還是 “using parallelism to create tension, allowing the audience to feelthe urgency of…”。這些 evaluation才是提分的重點。

3. Appeal to the audience’semotion/sense of responsibility

Persuasive speech/article 一般的一個目的是 “call foraction”，而方法無外乎挑起羣眾的激情或責任感。

1)Appeal to emotion(常出現)

Fear：如果這麼做/不這麼做就會發生不好的事;描述一種災難的普遍性或必然性(疾病傳播速度、歷史進程中和平和戰爭的規律…)。

總之，make the audience realize that we are vulnerable, so in order tosurvive, we must (well, listen to the speaker)…/we will head into chaos anddestruction unless we (well, listen to the speaker).

Pity: 這個比較簡單，就是作者一般會描述一個很慘的故事或者場景，讓人們心生不忍，於是受感召有所作為。

Guilt: 這個和pity有些不同在於，pity是他很慘，但與我無關;guilt是他很慘，正因為我。比如説描述“日系車主被砸卧牀五年，就是因為羣眾不理智愛國”，讓人們良心受譴，以後拒絕衝動。

2)Appeal to a sense ofresponsibility

這個基本上是“世界會很美好，如果我們這樣做”，或者“世界會很糟糕，如果我們不這樣做”。

標誌有：

“the future of the country/people/children…”

“we are in this together…/xxx is one of us…”

還有就是，當作者突然開始用 “you” 來address audience的時候，很可能就是 “talking directly to the audience, reminding them that everyonelistening/reading has an inescapable duty to fulfill”

　　套路三：格式 & 第一段三句話

聽説寫作有的時候憑一種感覺，感覺好了便寫得十分流暢，感覺不在便寫得十分艱難。那麼，一個信手拈來的`第一段，就格外重要。

第一句：情懷

Essay通篇都是客觀的評價，但評卷人讀那麼多份難免有些枯燥，所以CJ開頭會放一句非評價、貌似深刻的話，試圖吸引評卷人注意建立好感。

比如一篇講“遵循歷史發展世界又要打仗了但是我們還要追求和平”的文，CJ第一句話會寫： “War ends because we stop fighting, but peace lasts because wenever give up fighting for it.”

將讀者的main message用自己的話説出來，能讓考官從第一句話就覺得“這篇文章，學生看懂了”，還能多蹭點字數。

或者一篇講“工業革命的後果”、偏論證的文章，第一句可以寫 “Men have manufactured their own apocalypse.”總之，不要多想，直接憑讀完文章的大體感覺寫一句話就好。

第二句：作者出處

閲讀文章開頭都會給作者姓名、speech/published article的時間地點場合。所以第二句話就是：

“President Bush/Professor Schneider/John Wayne spoke to (audience type) at(place/occasion) on (date), addressing the issue of …”

“In the New York TimesIssue x, published on 19xx xx xx, Tom Phillips discusses the situation in…”

第三句話：概括文章論點、概述寫作手法

“Phillips effectively builds and presentshis argument that… by providing evidence and examples, using vivid language,and appealing to the audience’s sense of responsibility.”

以上三句話寫好，基本上一個漂亮的introduction就完成了。之後三個寫作手法(evidence, language, appeal to xxx)一個一段就可以了。

　　下面分享一篇新Sat要求分析的範文

At my family's cabin on a Minnesota lake, I knew woods so dark that my hands disappeared before my eyes. I knew night skies in which meteors left smoky trails across sugary spreads of stars. But now, when 8 of 10 children born in the United States will never know a sky dark enough for the Milky Way, I worry we are rapidly losing night's natural darkness before realizing its worth. This winter solstice, as we cheer the days' gradual movement back toward light, let us also remember the irreplaceable value of darkness.

All life evolved to the steady rhythm of bright days and dark nights. Today, though, when we feel the closeness of nightfall, we reach quickly for a light switch. And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.

Already the World Health Organization classifies working the night shift as a probable human carcinogen, and the American Medical Association has voiced its unanimous support for "light pollution reduction efforts and glare reduction efforts at both the national and state levels." Our bodies need darkness to produce the hormone melatonin, which keeps certain cancers from developing, and our bodies need darkness for sleep. Sleep disorders have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and depression, and recent research suggests one main cause of "short sleep" is "long light." Whether we work at night or simply take our tablets, notebooks and smartphones to bed, there isn’t a place for this much artificial light in our lives.

The rest of the world depends on darkness as well, including nocturnal and crepuscular species of birds, insects, mammals, fish and reptiles. Some examples are well known—the 400 species of birds that migrate at night in North America, the sea turtles that come ashore to lay their eggs—and some are not, such as the bats that save American farmers billions in pest control and the moths that pollinate 80% of the world’s flora. Ecological light pollution is like the bulldozer of the night, wrecking habitat and disrupting ecosystems several billion years in the making. Simply put, without darkness, Earth’s ecology would collapse.

In today’s crowded, louder, more fast-paced world, night’s darkness can provide solitude, quiet and stillness, qualities increasingly in short supply. Every religious tradition has considered darkness invaluable for a soulful life, and the chance to witness the universe has inspired artists, philosophers and everyday stargazers since time began. In a world awash with electric would Van Gogh have given the world his “Starry Night”? Who knows what this vision of the night sky might inspire in each of us, in our children or grandchildren?

Yet all over the world, our nights are growing brighter. In the United States and Western Europe, the amount of light in the sky increases an average of about 6% every year. Computer images of the United States at night, based on NASA photographs, show that what was a very dark country as recently as the 1950s is now nearly covered with a blanket of light. Much of this light is wasted energy, which means wasted dollars. Those of us over 35 are perhaps among the last generation to have known truly dark nights. Even the northern lake where I was lucky to spend my summers has seen its darkness diminish.

It doesn’t have to be this way. Light pollution is readily within our ability to solve, using new lighting technologies and shielding existing lights. Already, many cities and towns across North America and Europe are changing to LED streetlights, which offer dramatic possibilities for controlling wasted light. Other communities are finding success with simply turning off portions of their public lighting after midnight. Even Paris, the famed “city of light,” which already turns off its monument lighting after 1 a.m., will this summer start to require its shops, offices and public buildings to turn off lights after 2 a.m. Though primarily designed to save energy, such reductions in light will also go far in addressing light pollution. But we will never truly address the problem of light pollution until we become aware of the irreplaceable value and beauty of the darkness we are losing.

這篇文章通過自己過去的經歷與現在孩子的遺憾進行對比紀念了夜美好，指出所有生物在演化的過程早已習慣了晝夜交替的規律。闡述了夜的重要性以及沒有黑夜可能帶來的危害。