英语学习：句子合成法详解

想要学好英语怎么能不知道句子的'合成法呢?下面就让小编为大家详解一下吧。

两个或两个以上简单句(Simple Sentence)可以合成一个较长的简单句、并列句(Compound Sentence)或复杂句(Complex Sentence)。通过句子的合成，我们得以更清楚地看出句子间的语义关系，而且还可以使句子多样化，增加文章的丰姿。

　现在就从三方面来看看句子合成法的问题。

　　1. 由两三个简单句合成一个长的简单句。例如：

(1) John ran away. He escaped the danger.

→ Running away, John escaped the danger.

(2) The hunter took up his gun. He shot the boar.

→ The hunter took up his gun to shoot the boar.

(3) The king died. The queen heard about it. She fainted.

→ On hearing about the king's death, the queen fainted.

(4) Kelvin is my good friend. He is a strong supporter of social justice.

→ Kelvin, a strong supporter of social justice, is my good friend.

(5) The rascal kicked the cat. He kicked it on the back. He kicked it intentionally.

→ The rascal kicked the cat on the back intentionally.

2. 由两三个简单句合成一个并列句。例如：

(6) John was sad. He kept quiet.

→ John was sad but he kept quiet.

(7) Take the book. Leave it there.

→ Take the book or leave it there.

(8) Sean did not come to class today. He had a bad headache.

→ Sean did not come to class today, for he had a bad headache.

(9) Bruce was lying on the bed. He looked at the ceiling. He saw a lizard.

→ Lying on the bed, Bruce looked at the ceiling and saw a lizard.

3. 由两三个简单句合成一个复杂句。例如：

(10) Kelvin is getting rich. We know about it.

→ We know that kelvin is getting rich.

(11) I like this book. It contains many amusing stories.

→ I like this book which contains many amusing stories.

(12) Helen is sure to get her pay. It is due to her. Why does she complain?

→ Why does Helen complain since she is sure to get the pay due to her ?

(13) The woman was exhausted. She had not slept well the previous night.

→ The woman was exhausted because she had not slept well the previous night.

上面例子显示，简单句由“主语+谓语”(Subject + Predicate) 构成，有时还附有修饰性的短语。并列句由至少两个地位平等的并列分句透过并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunction)如“and, or, but, so, for”等连成。复杂句包括一个主句 (Main Clause)及至少一个从句 (Subordinate Clause)， 通过从属连词(Subordinating Conjunction) 如“That, since, because, when, if”等合成。从属分句因功能不同而分成“名词从句”(Noun Clause), “副词从句”(Adverb Clause) 和“形容词从句”(Adjective Clause)。

上述诸句式中，复杂句最为多采多姿，不妨多用。为了避免句子太长，难以控制，一个复杂句最好不要超过三个从句。