考研英語閲讀題型有哪些解題思路

考研英語閲讀理解部分佔比40%，是重頭戲，這部分要拿分，考生必須要熟悉各類題型解題技巧，多練多總結。小編為大家精心準備了考研英語閲讀題型解題技巧，歡迎大家前來閲讀。

　　考研英語閲讀題型解題方法

一. 細節題

1、題幹上有五個W一個H提問。

2、題幹中明確會提到的時間、地點、人物或者事物等細節信息。

3、有可能針對文章中的一句話或者幾句話發問。

4、題乾和選項有可能考察一種因果關係。

5、解題關鍵：返回原文，準確定位。

做題依據一定要緊扣文章本身，要注意返回原文找答案：

1、可以根據題幹所列的地點、時間、人物、事物返回原文。

2、根據出題的順序返回原文。

3、根據題幹中或四個選項中的重點詞或同義詞返回原文。

4、通過長難句返回原文。

二. 句子理解題

1、標誌：題幹中明確指出是原文中的某句話，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。

2、步驟：

(1)重點是返回原文，對該句子進行語法、句法、詞法的精準解析。正確(不能推)理解句子的深刻含義。

(2)若該句話的含義不能確定，則適當依據上下文進行判斷。局部含義有整體含義決定。

(3)一般來説，選項中的正確答案與原句是同義關係，只不過用其他短語表達。

3、錯誤選項特徵：推的過遠，做題時注意把握理解度。

4、正確選項不包含過於絕對化的詞語。

三. 主旨大意題

1、標誌：best title， main idea， main problem，conclusion，mainly disguss， mainly deal with或者問作者的寫作目的purpose, the author intends to do sth, a digest of，利用宏觀閲讀技巧作主旨題，不管是出現在什麼位置，都把他作為最後一題來做。

2、方法：

(1)段落少，用串線法。

(2)快速作文法：兩個選項難以分辨的時候，用這兩個選項做作文，快速給出提綱。

3、選項不能選擇局部信息，也不能選範圍過寬的信息。

四. 態度題

1、標誌：題幹中出現attitude ，believe ，consider， deam， regard，deem

2、作者態度可以分為三大類：

(1)正態度：支持，樂觀，贊同

(2)客觀、中立、公正

(3)反對、批評、懷疑

3、等價選項都不選

4、有些選項一定不是正確答案(永陪選項)：indifferent(漠不關心);subjective(主觀的);biased(有偏見的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)

5、識別作者態度：

方法一：可以根據作者論述的主線及舉例的方式進行判斷。

方法二：當作者態度沒有明確提出時，找文章中有褒貶含義、含有感情色彩的詞。

6、特別注意作者的態度一般與文章中心相聯繫。做題時不要把自己的態度納入其中，而且要注意區分作者的態度和作者引用別人的態度。

五. 態度題新趨勢

1、現在題目的考察不僅僅侷限於作者的態度，也開始考察文章中某人的觀點和態度，做題時特別應該注意看清楚題目考察的是誰對誰的態度。

2、選項可能不在是態度明確的肯定或者否定的詞，而是改為帶有程度限制的詞語，帶有如下詞語的選項往往是正確的：guarded(慎重的')，qualified(有條件的)，tempered(緩和的)，因為帶有保留態度的觀點比較客觀，一般帶有絕對化或者過於強烈的詞的選項必然是錯誤的，如：strongly，compeletly，entirely。

六. 推理題

1、標誌：往往出現infer，imply，learn

2、解題關鍵：

(1)絕大多數推理題答案是文章中心或原文某句話的同義表達。正確答案與原文之間基本上不存在推理關係。

(2)做題時看是否可以通過題幹返回原文，或者依據選項返回原文，一般圍繞文章中的一兩個重點句進行思考，特別注意文章中含義深刻或者結構複雜的句子。因為對作者所表達的意思不能一下子理解的長難句是命題所在。

尤其注意：做題時不能想的太多，推的太遠，是否能把原文看懂才是關鍵。

七. 例證題

1、標誌：example， exemplify，illustration，demonstration

2、解題關鍵：不在於是否看懂了例子，而在於是否找到了例子所支持的觀點。

3、步驟：

(1)返回原文，找出該例子支持的觀點。80%向上，20%向下。

(2)在四個選項中尋找與找到的論點表達最一致、意思最接近的一個。

注意：有時候例證題所支持的觀點需要歸納總結。

4、錯誤答案的論述方式：混淆論點與論據;列舉無關常識。

八. 判斷題

1、標誌：which of the following statement is not ture? All of the following is ture except...

2、 思路：

(1)首先判斷是三對一錯還是三錯一對，所謂對是符合原文或者符合作者態度的。所謂錯是指原文有矛盾或者原文未提及的概念，或者與作者態度相反的內容。

(2)每個選項力爭返回原文，與原文信息進行一一比較排除。

(3)注意這種題目的選項，有時候會集中於某段的信息或者各具一些共同特徵，所以做題時可以先對比一下四個選項，找出其中可能存在的共同點，再回到原文定位。

九. 詞彙題

1、標誌：在題目中明確指出某處的單詞或者詞組，要求辨別其意思。

2、關鍵：該單詞並不重要，重要的是上下文。

3、如果該單詞認識，並且不超綱，那麼他的字面意思絕對不是正確答案。其正確答案是根據上下文推出的更深層的含義，該含義也許與原單詞表面意思沒有關係。

4、方法藉助上下文理解，在上下文中尋找同性詞或詞組，利用上下文中邏輯關係將四個選項代入替換，看語義是否通順。

十. 指代題

1、標誌：在題幹中明確指出某個代詞要求辨別it，that，one，they。

2、步驟：

(1)返回原文，定位代詞，並且準確理解分析該句話。

(2)向上搜索離其最近的名詞、短語、句子。

(3)將找到的詞，短語，句子帶入替換，看是否通順。

(4)在四個選項中，找與找到的詞最接近的選項。

　　考研英語閲讀複習的關鍵

首先了解閲讀的命題趨勢，綜合分析近5年的 考研真題，我們發現，閲讀理解有以下一些趨勢，題材主要集中在，經濟、文化、環保等重大熱點方向。很多文章都摘自報刊評論。四篇文章中總有一篇比較難的/，那我們該如何複習那?

首先，選擇合適的閲讀理解複習參考書非常重要，結合眾多考研者的成功經驗、各個輔導班推薦以及我們的分析，以下參考書組合都是比較理想的/1 《歷年真題》把近10多年年的真題搞透，逐篇的分析，逐篇的翻譯，一天一篇。許多考生沒有認真研究真題，結果上了考場完全傻了，因此，真題是必備的，值的注意的是真題不是試卷本身，而是有答案的詳細講解和完全翻譯的書，如新東方編的還是不錯的，複習時，第一遍按照常規的方法做一遍，完了之後，在結合正確答案仔細分析每道題的出題的思路和正確答案的理由，。

其次，各個英語輔導名師編著的英語閲讀理解，真題的出題思路反映考試大綱的要求，但畢竟材料的時效性存在不足，還應該補充更多閲讀一些這方面的材料，如，新東方的閲讀等。另外，真題我們着重的是研習，而這些材料着重的則是練習，需知閲讀理解水平必須要經過大量的練習才提高。以上所選資料可供大家參考3/英語報刊雜誌，近幾年的考研閲讀出題趨勢偏向報刊文章，所以，整個英語複習期間，最好能每天抽點時間閲讀一篇報刊文章就好了，而且前面我講過，讀這類材料有助於提高語感。需要注意的是讀第一遍的時候最好不要看翻譯否則對閲讀水平的提高不大，整篇看完後，在看翻譯，檢驗一下自己的閲讀，這些資料可以作為補充。

怎樣才能學好?

1、掌握基本閲讀方法是基礎。很多人在閲讀中往往只用一種閲讀方法，這樣對於平時閲讀還可以，但對於考研對閲讀的高要求來説，顯然是不夠的。因此，在閲讀理解複習的前期，應該把閲讀分成這麼幾個部分。略讀、泛讀、精讀、掃讀這麼幾個部分

2、真題分析是核心

3、長難句分析是主要工作。

看過真題的考生都有這樣的感覺。閲讀中的長難句太多，這使短文變的很難，的確如此，考研與四、六級不同，考研更多的是考能力，而四、六級更多的是考水平和速度。事實上，考研閲讀每篇大概用10—20分鐘來做，而四、六級最多能用8—10分鐘就的做完。長難句不過關，對考研閲讀水平就沒有實質性的提高在一點就是花點時間去看看語法，兩者結合。會事半功倍的，值得強調的是語法較差的考生一定要做這項工作。

4、樹立主動的閲讀意識是關鍵。這是一種意識，軟性條件，就看誰的意志力強，能堅持每天的計劃，久而久之，主動的閲讀意識就能加強，考試也就沒什麼可擔心的。

　　考研英語寫作破解圖表作文指南

▶一、出題形式

例1題目：Changes in People's Diet

Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:

e the changes in people's diet(飲食)in the past five years;

possible reasons for the changes;

your own conclusions.

You should quote as few figures as possible.

例2題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City

Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;

and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;

ible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city;

predictions of what will happen this year.

Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.

例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(given in Chinese)：

1. 以下圖為依據描述發展中國家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況

2. 説明引起變化的各種原因

從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標題和一個或幾個統計表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：

1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，並找出某種規律或趨勢;

2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢或問題分析其原因或後果。

▶二、寫作要領

圖表作文着重説明事實，常常是通過對圖表中所反映的具體數據的説明、分析、比較，對某種事物或現象的事實或變化情況等加以説明，並提出結論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常採用議論文體的寫作方法。寫好圖表作文，關鍵在於能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯繫，用準確流暢的語言把這一信息表達出來，並就這一信息發表自己的看法。

▶三、寫作步驟

寫圖表作文時，要注意遵循以下步驟：

1) 認真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關係;

2) 確定文章的主題思想，構思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能説明圖表主題思想的典型數據;

3) 編列文章的提綱;

4) 根據文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內容擴展成段落，然後將各個段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;

5) 檢查與修改。

▶四、篇章結構

寫圖表作文時，常採用三段式的謀篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數據變化反映什麼問題或趨勢，概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成這一問題或趨勢的原因。第三段則展望未來的情況或提出解決問題的辦法或建議。這一結構可以簡單地表述為：

第一段：概述圖表反映的主題思想

第二段：分析產生的原因

第三段：展望未來或提出方法或建議

▶五、作文模版(一)

問題解決型

As is shown in the picture(graphcartoontable)，it goes without saying that the drawing aims at revealing a common problem(in China)：______ status as the focus of public concern mainly results from its profound influence on individuals, collective and even the whole world. Each of us should attach high emphasis on solving it.

As a matter of fact, the symbolic meaning the picture conveys is deep and profound. Naturally and necessarily, there are two major ways coping with this problem. The first way to tackle it is to appeal to authorities to take measures. Once achieving the success of solving the problem, the whole society also thrives/makes progress. Solving the problem can accelerate better individuals'development. The other way that is worth adopting is to work out new laws. Where there are better laws, there are more hopes, vitality and development. These advisable laws eventually brings economic prosperity and social harmony. Finally, I can safely come to the conclusion that it is high time we enhanced the awareness of people that is every vital to us. Only by these means can we succeed in solving the problem in the near future.(1 Therefore, measures should be taken to terminate the ridiculous affair. First and foremost, governments should establish some regulations to prohibit enterprises and people from making such misdeeds. What's more, people should get ready to pass criticism upon such misdeeds anytime and anywhere. After all, it is necessary to develop our society by performing hard work instead of talking nonsense.

In my opinion, it is imperative that we should take some drastic actions. On the one hand, we should appeal to our authorities to enact concrete laws to control commercial fishing. On the other hand, we should enhance people's awareness that ocean resources are vital to us and the ecological balance will be guaranteed with the strategy of sustainable development. Only by doing so can we effectively protect our natural resources. Also I am convinced that we humans can overcome this difficulty and we will have a bright future.)

To conclude, we should not yield to mediocrity regardless of seemingly insurmountable obstacles. So the prospect we are looking forward to will be bright and encouraging.

▶作文模版(二)

正面現象歌頌型1

As is shown in the picture(graphcartoontable)， it goes without saying that the drawing aims at revealing a common problem(in China):It has attracted extensive attention of the society. Nowadays, increasingly more argumentations about it can be found in TV programs,newspapers,university classes and many aspects of our everyday status as the focus of public concern mainly results from its profound influence on individuals, collective and even the whole world. First of all,is crucial for every its seemingly magic power, it can not only accelerate better individuals'development, but serve as an efficient instrument for individuals to change the world. Those equipped with it are always admired and respected, because it may endow them with more competence, chances, self-confidence to overcome difficulties and handle e people appear to possess a special charm,bringing to others hope, passion and surprise,and,thus winning others'favor and can directly promote the rapid progress of the organization with its energy and indirectly spurs continuous development with the good culture it ugh continuously promoting the social productivity, unceasingly improving the productive relationship, and gradually enriching human material and spiritual wealth, eventually brings economic prosperity and social short, where there is betterthere are more hopes, vitality and development. When we are benefiting from it, we shall also do our utmost to maintain its vitality to ensure ourselves a brighter future.

正面現象歌頌型2

As is vividly in the picture(s)，it is a contemporary social issue in China of common interests and permanent value. The picture(s)does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon weighing in the mind,we find an apparent tendency underlying this sight:,Simple as it is,what the picture conveys to us is the development of economy and society, competition is becoming increasingly is impossible for anyone to finish a task without e, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on fact, it has been universally acknowledged that the ability of s the most essential qualification that anyone who wants to achieve success should possess. Numerous examples can be given, but this will suffice. A case in point is the successful host of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and the deadly earthquake in Si Chuan e cases effectively clarify that really counts in this competition society.

Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take some measures to enhance the sense of in our society. We should bear in mind that is of great significance to both our society and ourselves. Everyone should have the ability of. Only in this way can we achieve success and only in this way can our society become more harmonious to live in.

反面現象批評型

How enlightening and compelling the above drawing is!It is so funny that whoever sees it cannot help thinking:.(這句自己加完整，從宏觀上描述一下圖畫就可以，籠統的，大體的)while.(這句從微觀上具體説明一下圖畫要描述的矛盾點，必須找到矛盾點，用到while這個單詞)Simple as it looks,its intended meaning goes far deeper what on earth does the drawer really aim to convey.第二段：What the image above vividly mirrors goes far more than a simple image,instead,it carries a thought provoking social phenomenon:.(本文的主旨)There are upsetting(如文章不是諷刺性的，就把upsetting刪除)parallels today in our contemporary community. For example,.(舉2個例子，如果字數夠就舉1個)第三段：Much can be done. To begin with the schools and the mass media should develop,guide and cultivate noble and worthy values and qualities among people,doing their utmost to awaken people of the growing threat of this worsening situation.(of this worsening situation自己可以換成主旨的詞，如果不換，這樣也可以。如文章不是諷刺性的，就把worsening刪除)What is more,the authorities concerned should play a dominant role in taking nationwide actions to curb(如文章不是諷刺性的，就把curb換成promote)such conclusion,all the society should make actively more sustained and concerted ough we still have a long way to go,a promising start has begun,and a happy,healthy and harmonious society may be not be far behind.

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