糯米文學吧

位置:首頁 > 英語 > 英語寫作

新概念英語第一冊語法歸納

引導語:《新概念英語》作為一套世界聞名的英語教程,以其全新的教學理念,有趣的課文內容和全面的技能訓練,深受廣大英語學習者的歡迎和喜愛。以下是本站小編為大家整理的新概念英語第一冊語法歸納,歡迎閲讀

新概念英語第一冊語法歸納

  感歎句

感歎句:

1) What +名詞+主語+謂語

What a beautiful girl she is!

What tall buildings they are!

2) How +形容詞+主語+謂語

How beautiful the girl is!

How tall the buildings are!

• 在口語中,感歎句的主語和謂語常常省略:

What a nice present!(省略it is)

How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、謂的詞語)

  祈使句

祈使句表示請求、命令、建議、邀請等,謂語動詞一律用原型,句子中通常不用主語,句末用驚歎好或者句號,用降調。

★肯定句:動詞原型

Come here, please.

Go downstairs, please.

Stand up.

Sit down.

Be quiet.

Be careful.

祈使句中如果有喚語,一定要用逗號隔開,放在句首或者句尾:

Come in, Amy.

Sit down here, Tom.

Mary, give me a book please.

★否定:Don't+動詞原型

Don't come here.

Don't sit down.

Don't stand up.

Don't give me it.

let sb. do 讓某人做

Let me pass.

Let us have a rest.

Let's have a rest.

反意疑問:

Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?

Let us go out for a drink, will you?

 so/neither的倒裝

倒裝句:so/neither的倒裝

eg: He can swim. So can I.

She didn't go to class. Neither did I.

結構:

so/neither+be+ 主語

so/neither+助動詞+ 主語

so/neither+情態動詞+ 主語

助動詞:

一般現在時: do, does/am, is, are

現在進行時: am, is, are

一般過去時: did

現在完成時: have, has

一般將來時: will, shall

過去進行時: was, were

過去完成時: had

過去將來時: would

直接引語/間接引語

如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時,那麼間接引語要做相應變化:時態,人稱,時間地點及指示詞

1) 時態變化:

一般現在時——一般過去時

現在進行時——過去進行時

一般過去時——過去完成時

現在完成時——過去完成時

一般將來時——過去將來時

be going to——was/were going to/would

can--could

may--might

2) 時間地點及指示詞的變化:

here-there, tomorrow-the next day, the following day, this-that…

3) 人稱變化:根據句意改變人稱。

4) 直接賓語/間接賓語

主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

直接賓語是及物動詞的.直接對象,間接賓語是及物動詞的動作所涉及的人或事務,也可以説間接賓語表示動作是對誰做的,或者是為誰做的。所以間接賓語要用名詞或者賓格代詞來擔當。

He gives me a book.(me間接賓語,a book直接賓語)

直接賓語和間接賓語的位置調換時要加一個介詞to或for:

主語+及物動詞+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語

Give me a book. = Give the book to me.

Send him a letter. = Send a letter to him.

Show him the new dress. = Show the new dress to him.

動詞的變化

1)代詞及be動詞

主格 I we you you she/he/it they

賓格 me us you you her/him/it them

代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

be動詞現在時 Am are are are is are

be動詞過去時 was were were were was were

2)名詞的複數

規則變化的名詞複數形式

規則1 一般情況+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

規則2 以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

規則3 以o結尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

規則4 以f, fe結尾的,變f, fe為ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

規則5 以輔音字母+y結尾, 變y為i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

3)動詞的第三人稱單數形式

規則1 一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

規則2 以s, x, ch, sh和o結尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

規則3 以輔音字母+y結尾, 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

4)動詞現在分詞

規則1 一般動詞加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

規則2 以不發音的字母結尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

規則3 重讀閉音節詞結尾, 即單詞中只有一個元音字母,其後緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

5)動詞過去式

規則動詞變化

規則1 一般動詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played

規則2 以e結尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived

規則3 以輔音字母y結尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

規則4 重讀閉音節詞結尾, 即單詞中只有一個元音字母,其後緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped

過去式的讀音

在清輔音後面(除外)讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

在濁輔音和元音後讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched

在/t/,/d/後讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated

6)形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級

比較級

規則1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

規則2 以e結尾加-r nice-nicer

規則3 以輔音字母加y結尾,變y為i再加-er busy-busier

規則4 重讀閉音節結尾, 雙寫輔音字母再加-er fat-fatter

最高級

規則1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

規則2 以e結尾加-st nice-nicest

規則3 以輔音字母加y結尾,變y為i再加-est busy-busiest

規則4 重讀閉音節結尾, 雙寫輔音字母再加--est fat-fattest

7)常見縮寫:

is='s I am=I'm are='re

is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/

do not=don't

does not=doesn't

was='s

did not=didn't

can not=can't

have='ve

has='s

have not=haven't

has not=hasn't

will='ll

will not=won't

shall not=shan't