職稱英語考試備考模擬練習試題

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Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities

A new examination of urban policies has been 1 recently by Patricia Romero is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 2 warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing likely suffer from the impacts of changing work also concludes that most cities are failing to 3 emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4 e gases are known to affect the atmosphere.”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to 5 their residents."

Cities are 6 sources of greenhouse urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 7 .

The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential 8 associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 9 paved cities more than surrounding impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health er neighborhoods that may 10 basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing 11 access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.

Local governments, 12 ,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric 13 meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce 14 use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their 15 policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.

詞彙：

vulnerable / 'vʌlnərəbl / adj .易受傷害的

infrastructure / 'infrə,strʌktʃə / n .基礎設施

sociologist /,səusi'ɔlədʒist /n.社會學家

substandard / ,sʌb'stændəd / adj.標準以下的

dioxide / dai'ɔksaid / .二氧化物

floodplain /'flʌdplein / n .氾濫平原

註釋：

1. likely：很可能，或許。在本句中用作副詞。

2. be likely to：很可能。likely 在本句中是形容詞，用作表語。

3. findings：調查結果

4. storm surges：風暴潮

5. paved cities：鋪上瀝青路面的城市

6. spring up：湧現

7. rhetoric . . . responses：修辭反應。這個詞的意思是：(地方政府)話講得很漂亮，但內容空洞。

8. a hands-off approach：一種不插手的政策

練習：

1.A carry along B carried away C carried out D carried back

2.A economic B industrial C rural D urban

3.A reduce B increase C study D measure

4.A crops B gases C fruits D Plant5

5.A educate B evaluate C protect D identify

6.A doubtful B possible C repeatable D major

7.A uses B chances C cures D benefits

8.A threats B interests C functions D differences

9.A locally B heavily C suddenly D mildly

l0.A provide B improve C lack D update

11.A without B with C in D on

12.A moreover B therefore C however D though

13.A other than B more than C less than D rather than

14.A train B automobile C bus D bike

15.A idle B smart C busy D secure

答案與題解：

1. C 本題的答案是carried out(執行;完成)。“A new examination of urban policies has been

carried out” 意思上配得上。carried along(攜帶)、carried away(運走)和carried back(運回)與下文的意思搭配不上。

2.D通篇文章討論的是氣候變化對城市的影響及其應對措施，並沒有涉及economic (經濟

的)、industrial (工業的)和rural (農村的)的話題。所以，這三個選項不可能是答案，urban才是答案。

3.A前面一句談到，發展中國家的飛速成長的城市備受氣候變化的折磨。本句緊接上一句

的意思，大多數城市沒有做到減少二氧化碳的排放量。四個選項中，要選reduce。