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定語後置與定語從句

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定語後置與定語從句是什麼意思呢?我們不妨一起來參考下範文吧!希望對您有所幫助!以下是小編為您蒐集整理提供到的定語後置與定語從句內容,希望對您有所幫助!歡迎閲讀參考學習!

定語後置與定語從句

 定語後置與定語從句

一.介詞短語作後置定語,如the bird in the tree(樹上的小鳥),the standard of living(生活水平),the way to the hotel(去旅館的路),the life in the future(未來的生活)。

二.不定式短語作後置定語,用來修飾限定其前的名詞或名詞性短語。分為以下三類:

1. 在某些名詞結構中可用動詞不定式作後置定語。

I have a lot of homework to do.

He is the first to finish the task.

There are a lot of things to do.

2. 在某些抽象名詞後可用動詞不定式作後置定語,具體説明抽象名詞的內容。常見名詞有ability, anxiety, attempt, decision, chance, courage, right, determination, promise, ambition, effort, drive, eagerness, failure, inclination, intention, movement, need, opportunity, plan, reason, struggle, time, way, wish等。例句:

He has the ability to do the work.

I don’t have the courage to tell you the secret.

3. 動詞不定式有時可替代一個定語從句,與其前修飾的名詞是主動關係,在時態上含有將來的含義。例如:

Perhaps in the years to come(=that will come),we will meet again.

In the lectures to follow(=that will follow), she talked about her trip to China.

三、分詞短語作後置定語。這時一般可以改寫為定語從句,現在分詞作後置定語與修飾的名詞是主動關係,過去分詞作後置定語與修飾的'名詞是被動關係。例如,

S1:There is a lady waiting for you.=There is a lady who waits for you.

S2:What is the language spoken in China?=What is the language which is spoken in China?

S1中,lady和wait之間是主動關係,S2中,language與spoken之間是被動關係。

我們在寫作時,為了讓句子結構更為高級,或是達到句式多樣的目的,常用分詞短語作後置定語來代替定語從句。如在2012年的考研英語作文中,我們在描圖表示兩個人對同樣的半瓶水錶現出不同的態度時,可以説:As is shown in the picture, there is a contrast between two men facing the same problem with half a bottle of water. 在這個英語句子中,我們用現在分詞短語作men的後置定語,相當於定語從句who face the same problem with half a bottle of water. 再如,在表達一個人眉頭緊縮,因為水撒了發出歎息,可以説:The one frowning in anxiety is sighing because the water is spoilt out of the bottle。此句中,現在分詞短語作one的後置定語,相當於從句who frowns in anxiety。用現在分詞短語代替從句可以使句式更簡短,句型也更為高級,更加豐富,同時也顯示出考生深厚的語法-功底。

標籤:定語 從句 後置