全國翻譯專業資格（水平）考試二級筆譯實務真題

　　【中譯英】

　　Passage 1

2000年，中國建成北斗導航試驗系統，使我國成為繼美、俄之後的世界上第三個擁有自主衞星導航系統的國家。

雖然目前它的定位精度與GPS還有一定的差距，但它具備了GPS所沒有的短報通信和位置報告的功能。在沒有手機信號的地方，用户也可以通過該系統發送短信。

2008年四川汶川大地震後，災區電話無法接通，手機信號中斷，救援員將北斗導航終端帶入災區，及時保持了與外界的通訊聯絡。

該系統的位置報告功能可以幫助交通管理部門掌握行駛車輛的位置，及時疏導交通，緩解交通擁堵狀況。

雖然北斗衞星導航系統是中國獨立發展、自主運行的衞星導航系統，但這並不影響它與世界上其他衞星導航系統之間的兼容性。用户在同時使用北斗和GPS這兩種導航系統時，定位和導航效果會更好。

　　Passage 2

中國和歐洲是兩大戰略力量，肩負推動全球經濟發展、促進人類文明進步、維護世界和平的'崇高使命，雙方正在形成不斷放大的戰略交集，中國是最大的新興市場國家，歐盟是最大的發達經濟體，“最大”與“最大”交融，一切都有可能，“新興”與“發達”攜手，優勢就會倍增，中歐在新興和發達經濟體合作中可以成為典範。

中國和歐洲分處歐亞大陸的兩端，這塊大陸是世界上面積最大的大陸，也是人口最多的大陸，市場空間廣闊，發展機遇巨大。中歐都主張國際關係民主化，在許多國際重大事務上有共同利益，雙方關係具有越來越重要的全球影響。中歐都有偉大的文明，中國推崇“和而不同”，歐盟倡導“多元一體”，13億多中國人與7億多歐洲人命運相連、前途相關，中歐在不同文明包容互鑑中可以成為引領。

　　【英譯中】

　　Passage 1

Apple may well be the only tech company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso.

In a class at the company's internal university, the instructor likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picasso's "The Bull" to the way Apple builds its smartphones and other devicesThe idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art.

Steve Jobs established Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apple's business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the technical business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem.

Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by MrJobs, is one of the teachers of "Communicating at Apple." This course, open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products.

In a version of the class taught last year, Nelson showed a slide of "The Bull," a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull.

"You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do," recalled one person who took the course.

In "What Makes Apple, Apple," another course that Nelson occasionally teaches, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said, Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons.

How did Apple's designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed - a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu.

The Google TV remote serves as a counter example; it had so many buttons because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted. But, Apple's designers concluded, only three were really needed.

　　Passage 2

Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as "the wand of narcissism,'' tourists can now reach for flattering CinemaScope selfies wherever they go.

Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks with abandon. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries(adding them to rules on umbrellas, backpacks, tripods),yet another example of how controlling crowding has become part of the museum mission.

The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matter for some time, has just decided that it, too, will forbid selfie sticks, signs will be posted soon.

"From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,'' said Sree Sreenivasan, chief digital officer at the Met. "It's one thing to take a picture at arm's length, but when it is three times arm's length, you are invading someone else's personal space.''

The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. "We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,'' said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which bans selfie sticks.

Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. "If people are not paying attention in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture,'' Sreenivasan said. We have so many balconies you could fall from and stairs you can trip on”

At the Metropolitan Museum of Art on Thursday, Jasmine Adaos , a selfie-stick user from Chile, expressed dismay.”It’s just another product,” she said ”When you have a regular camera, it’s the same thing. I don’t see the problem if you’re careful,” But Hai Lin ,a student from Shandong, China, conceded that the museum might have at point .”You can hit people when they’re passing by.” she said.