新概念英語第四冊長難句型精講

導語：新概念英語中有許多長難句型，下面是YJBYS小編收集整理的新概念英語第四冊長難句型，並對他們進行講解，歡迎參考。

　　【句型1】They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!(Lesson 3)

【譯文】他們只有一個目的，唯一的目標——頂峯!

【講解】從語法角度分析，a solitary goal和the top均是a single aim的同位語。從修辭角度看，作者以改變説法的方式達到加強語意的目的。這叫修正法(epanorthosis)。破折號引出被強調部分。

　　【句型2】The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. (Lesson 3)

【譯文】早期登山者所尋找的'是通往山頂的最方便的途徑，因為頂峯，尤其是仍未被人征服過的頂峯，才是他們尋求的目標。

【講解】先講述一事實，再用because引出原因，最後用especially引出一種特殊原因。

　　【句型3】It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. (Lesson 3)

【譯文】如今我們很難理解登山先驅者昔日是多麼艱苦。

【講解】it是形式主語，to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers是真正的主語。

　　【句型4】Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls.(Lesson 4)

【譯文】俄羅斯最近報道了幾個事例，説有人能用手指閲讀和辨認顏色，甚至雙眼能透過厚實的門牆看到東西。

【講解】此句的要點在於：of people…walls作定語修飾cases，這部分較長，所以被移到謂語部分後，這樣句子就不會頭重腳輕，這是新聞英語中的常見句型。句中的of意為“關於”。

　　【句型5】If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.(Lesson 5)

【譯文】假如確有這個問題的話——我冒昧對此表示懷疑——那麼這個問題是由老年人而非年輕人臆造的。

【講解】if there is one中的one指a problem of youth。which I take leave to doubt系插入語，表示委婉語氣。

　　【句型6】To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions.(Lesson 7)

【譯文】要透徹理解這句話的含義，我們應先回顧人類最近的幾項發明。

【講解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的狀語，修飾turn。不定式作狀語放在句首，比放在後邊更要正式，語氣較重。

　　【句型7】As it happens, a razor that is safe in Europe is unlikely to electrocute Americans.(Lesson 8)

【譯文】碰巧在歐洲使用安全的剃鬚刀不大可能電死美國人。

【講解】as it happens為插入語，對a razor…Americans表示強調。請掌握：

as it happens/it just so happens：碰巧，偶然(used to tell someone something that is surprising, interesting, or useful)，例如：

As it happens, I have my notebook with me.碰巧我帶着筆記本。

　　【句型8】Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death.(Lesson 11)

【譯文】有些老人因恐懼死亡而苦惱。

【講解】oppress：使(心情等)沉重;使煩惱，折磨(to make someone feel unhappy, worried, or uncomfortable)，例如：

A sense of trouble ahead oppressed my spirits.前面的重重困難使我心情沉重。

be oppressed by the unpleasant climate 被討厭的氣候弄得煩惱

a writer oppressed by his shortcomings 對自己的短處感到苦惱的作家

　　【句型9】Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine.(Lesson 3)

【譯文】當地的那些小旅館一般都骯髒且跳蚤猖獗。單調的食物是當地乳酪配以常常已放了一年之久的麪包，人們就着劣酒吞下這種食物。

【講解】the food simply…中food和simply中間，all與washed中間都省略了was。本句的要點在於：在幾個並列分句中，第一個分句中用了be，後面分句中的be可以省略。例如：

【原文】There are two requisites in interpretation：one is accuracy and the other(is)expressiveness.

【譯文】口譯要求有二：準確和明晰。

　　【句型10】Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic.(Lesson 4)

【譯文】維拉的特異功能引起了她家附近烏里揚諾夫斯克城某科研機構的注意。4月，俄羅斯聯邦共和國衞生部某特別委員會對她進行了一系列測試。

【講解】sb notices sth和sth is noticed by sb這兩個句型較常見，本句sthis brought to the notice of sb並不多見，理應記住。